Plant Catalog

Full Circle Gardens now grows native and pollinator supportive perennials along with a select group of native shrubs. We will continue to grow those non-native varieties that are known to support local pollinators and popular landscape varieties. If you haven’t already, ask us how to succeed by gardening with native and pollinator supportive plants. We’re here to help.

NOTE: Not all plants listed here may be available later in the season. We often sell out of the most popular varieties early on. We do our best to keep growing all varieties listed below. Some varieties are just not available from our commercial growers as they sell out as well or experience crop failures. As well, we cannot control what nature sends us. We will do our best to update availability as the season goes forward. Please contact us for current availability.

Botanical Names: In the last few years, genetic testing has resulted in a change of genera names for many perennials. We are choosing to update some (ie: Cimicifugua to Actaea) but with the more recent changes, we are keeping the old for familiarity, ie: still Dicentra, not the new Lamprocapnos.

KEY TO SYMBOLS: C=Cut Flower, DR=Deer Resistant, F=Fragrant, G=Ground Cover, H= Heirloom, N=Native to US, NE=Native to Northeast, P=Pollinator Supportive, RR=Rabbit Resistant

ACHILLEA (Yarrow) C, F, H, N, NE, P, DR, RR

millefolium Native, NE, White flower clusters June to September, butterflies and bees, 3’h x 3’w, dry, sun to part shade, Zone 3
‘Coronation Gold’, P, Golden yellow flat-topped flower clusters June to September, butterflies and bees, dry soil, 3′ high x 2.5′ wide. Sun, Fragrant foliage. Zone 3.
‘Moonshine’, P, Lemon yellow flat-topped flower clusters June to September, 2′ high x 1′ wide. Bees and butterflies. Dry to medium moisture, sun, Zone 3.
‘Paprika’ P. Red fading to rust, June to September. 2′ high x 2′ wide. Sun, dry to medium water. Butterflies. Fragrant foliage. Zone 3.

ACTAEA (formerly Cimicifugua) (Black Cohosh, Snakeroot, Bugbane, Fairy Candle) C, F, P, DR, RR, N.

pachypoda (White Baneberry, Dolls’ Eyes) Native, fragrant white spikes, May – June, 2’ high x 2’ wide, part shade to shade, butterflies, zone 3.
racemosa (Black Cohosh) Native, white flower spikes, June – July, fragrant, 4’ – 6’ high x 2’ – 4’ wide, rich soil, part shade to shade, zone 3.
simplex ‘Atropurpurea’, P. White flower spikes, fragrant, August – September, 5′ high x 3′ wide, part shade- full shade, zone 3.

AGASTACHE (Anise Hyssop, Hummingbird Mint) C, F, N, NE, P, DR, RR.

foeniculum Native, lavender flower spikes, fragrant, June – September, 3.5’ high x 2.5’ wide, dry, sun, zone 3.
nepetoides Native, cream-yellow flower spikes July-October, feeds pollinators, 5′ high x 2′ wide, medium to medium dry moisture, sun – part shade, zone 4.
scrophulariifolia Native . Red purple July to September. Bees, butterflies. Sun-shade, moist soils, to 5′ high x 2′ wide. Fragrant. Zone 3.

ALCHEMILLA (Lady’s Mantle) C, GC, H, RR

mollis ( Lady’s Mantle) chartreuse flower clusters, June, good cut, 1.5’ high x 2.5’ wide, sun, average water, zone 3.

ALLIUM (Ornamental Onion) C, F, N, P, DR, RR

cernuum Native, pink flowers displayed like fireworks, summer,18” high x 9” wide, sun, zone 4.
‘Millenium’ Rose purple flowers, July – August, 18” high – 18” wide, sun, dry to medium, butterflies, zone 5.
senescens ssp. montanum var glaucum P. Though not native, this hardy onion is a superb pollinator plant. Pale lavender flower heads. July to August. 12″ high x 12″ wide. Dry, well drained soil, bees. Sun. Zone 4.

AMORPHA (Lead Plant) C, N, P

canescens Native, blue flower spikes, July – September, birds, butterflies, 3’ high x 2.5’ wide, sun, dry, zone 2.

AMSONIA (Blue Star) C, N, P, DR, RR

‘Blue Ice’ Native selection, lavender blue flowers, May – June, fall color, 18” high x 18” wide, sun part shade, zone 4.
hubrichtii Native, light blue star shaped flowers, late spring early summer, lemon yellow foliage in fall, 3’ high x 3’ wide, sun, zone 4.
tabermontanae Native, steel blue flowers, early summer, lemon yellow foliage in fall, 36” high x 30” wide, sun, zone 4.

ANAPHALIS (Pearly Everlasting) C, N, NE, P, DR, RR

margaritacea Native, white flowers, June – September. Food for Painted Lady butterflies. Larval host for Skippers, Painted Lady. 2′ high x 18′ wide, short lived, seeds readily. Open woods, waste places, roadsides. Dry, sun, zone 3.

ANEMONE (Windflower) C, F, N, NE P, DR,

canadensis Native, white flowers, April – June, 2’ high x 2.5’ wide, sun part shade, medium moisture, zone 3.
cylindrica Native, white flowers, May-June. Up to 3′ high, dry open woods, prairies, sun to part shade, dry, zone 3.
virginiana Native White flowers, May – July, up to 3′ high x 2′ wide. Woodlands, forest edges, meadows. Dry to moist soils. sun to part shade. Zone 3.

ANTENNARIA (Pussytoes) N, NE, P

plantaginifolia Native, small white flowers May – June. Male flowers white, female flowers tinged with pink. Dry, open woodlands, rocky, sandy or poor soils. Ground cover, flowers to 10″ high, foliage to 2″ high x 6″ wide. Native bees. Sun to part shade. Zone 3.

AQUILEGIA (Columbine) C, H, N, NE, P, DR, RR

canadensis Native, light yellow & red or yellow & pink flowers. April-May. 2.5’ high x 1.5’ wide.

ARALIA (Spikenard) N, NE, P

cordata ‘Sun King’ Stunning chartreuse foliage, more golden in sun. Tiny white flowers late summer into fall followed by dark berries. 4-5’ high x 4-5’ wide. Part shade best, can tolerate some sun. Zone 4.
racemosa Native. American Spikenard. White flowers, June-August. 3′-5′ high x 3′-5′ wide. Drought tolerant. Sun to part shade, zone 4.

ARCTOSTAPHYLOS (Bear Berry, Kinnickinnick) GC, N, NE, P

uva-ursi Native. Pink tubular flowers, April-May. Low growing mat, evergreen leaves, red berries. 1’ high x 4’ wide. Well drained, gravelly soil. Sun – part shade, zone 2.

ARISAEMA (Jack-in-the-Pulpit) N, NE, P

triphyllum Native. Green & purple large tubular flowers. Spring. 1.5’ high x 1.5 wide. Moist soil with much organic matter. Red berry cluster in summer. Plant goes dormant in summer. Part to full shade. Zone 4

ARONIA (Black Chokeberry) N, NE, P

melanocarpa Native shrub. White flower clusters May-June. Blue black berries in early fall. Feeds pollinators and birds. Five feet high x 5′ wide. Sun to part shade. Medium moisture. Zone 3.

ARUNCUS (Goats Beard) N, NE, P, DR

dioicus Native. Cream spikes arise over foliage early to midsummer. 5’ high x 4’ wide, sun to part shade, medium to wet. Zone 4.

ASARUM (Wild Ginger) F, GC, N, P, DR

canadense Native, dense groundcover in woodlands, red flowers, early spring under leaves, 1” high, shade, zone 3.

ASCLEPIAS (Milkweed) C, F, H, N, P, DR

exaltata Native, NE Poke Milkweed, umbels weep down like fireworks, white with lavender to green tinges, June – August. 2′-4′ high x 1′ wide. Sun – part shade, woodland edges. Prefers rich soils. Zone 3.
incarnata Native, NE Swamp Milkweed, pink flower clusters July – August, 4′ high x 3′ wide, medium wet, sun, zone 3.
purpurescens Native Purple Milkweed, Red purple, May – June. Butterflies, bees, 3′ high x 3′ wide, dry open woods, dry to medium moisture. Poor dryish soils. Sun, zone 3.
tuberosa Native, NE Butterfly Weed, orange flowers, summer, butterflies, 24” high x 24” wide, sun, dry, lean soil, zone 3.
verticillata NE Whorled Milkweed Native, white flowers, June – September, butterflies, hummingbirds, 2.5’ high x 2’ wide, dry – medium, sun – part shade, zone 4.

ASTER (Aster) C, N, NE, P, DR

azureus Native. Azure aster. Grows at wood’s edge. Blue flowers, Septermber to November. To 4′ high, dry-medium moisture, sun to part shade. Zone 4.
cordifolius Native, pale-rich blue flowers, August – September, 2’-4’ high x 2’ wide, dry average soil, sun part shade, zone 3.
divaricatus Native white daisy flowers, late summer-fall, woodland, shade to part shade. 3′ high x 3′ wide, zone 3.
ericoides Native. Heath Aster. Tiny white flowers, August – October. Butterflies, 3′ high x 1.5′ wide. Tolerates clay and deer. Sun, dry, zone 3.
laevis Native. Smooth aster. Blue flowers August to October, butterflies, 3′ high x 3′ wide. Sun to part shade, moist to average soils. Zone 4.
laevis ‘Bluebird’ Native Selection. Large blue flowers August to October, late season food for butterflies. More compact than the species with larger flowers. 2.5′ high x 2.5′ wide. Dry to average soil, sun to part shade. Zone 4.
lateriflorus Native. Calico aster. Small white flowers, September to October. Larval host plant, 2.5′ high x 1′ wide. Sun to part shade, dry, zone 4.
novae-angliae Native. New England aster. Late season pollinator food. Violet, pink or white flowers, late summer to fall. 42″ high x 36″ wide. Zone 3.
novae-belgii Native. New York aster. Sprays of purple daisy like flowers, August to October. Late season pollinator food. 3.5′ high, moist, sun, zone 4.
oblongiflorus Native. Aromatic aster. Blue-purple flowers, August to September. Late season pollinator food. 2.5′ high x 2.5′ wide, sun, dry to average moisture, zone 3.
oblongiflorus ‘October Skies’ Native Selection. Large blue-purple flowers. August to October. More compact than the species. 2′ high x 2′ wide. Sun, dry, zone 3.
shortii Short’s Aster. Native to the Midwest. Violet blue flowers September to October. Late season food for butterflies and bees. Medium water, part shade to shade. 3′ high x 2′ wide. Zone 5.

ASTEROMEA (Japanese False Aster) C, DR, RR

mongolica Small white flowers June-September. 2’-3’ high x 2’ wide. Easy care. Full – part sun, average to dry soils. Zone 4.

ASTRAGULUS (Canada milkvetch) N, NE, P

canadensis Native, NE. Cream and green flower spikes, June – August. Hummingbirds, butterflies, birds. 3′ high x 2′ wide. Dry soils, sun to part shade. Zone 3.

BAPTISIA (False Indigo) C, H, N, P, DR

australis Native, deep blue flowers, mid spring-early summer,4’ high x 4’ wide, sun, dry, drought tolerable, zone 3.
lactea (formerly ‘alba’) Native, white flower spikes, May – July, 3’ high x 3’ wide, sun, dry, zone 3.
sphaerocarpa Native, yellow spikes, pea like flowers, May – June, 3’ high x 3’ wide, rain garden, sun, dry, zone 4.
tinctoria Native, yellow-cream spikes, butterflies, 2.5’ high x 2.5’ wide, sun, dry, zone 3.

BLEPHILA (Downy Wood Mint) N, NE, P, DR

ciliata Native, NE. Blue purple flowers, June to August. 2.5′ high x 1.5′ wide. Dry, open woods, clearings, fields. Sun to part shade. Pungent when crushed. Native bees. Zone 4.
hirsuta Native, NE. Blue purple flowers, May to September. 2.5′ high x 1.5′ wide. Hairy leaves. Sun to part shade. Open woodlands. Bees. Zone 4.

BOLTONIA (False Aster) C, H, N, P, DR

asteroides Native, small white daisy flowers, August – September, 5.5’ high x 4’ wide, moist, sun, zone 3.

CALAMINTHA F, GC, P

nepeta v. nepeta Lilac to white flowers, fragrant, June – September, 1.5’ high x 2’ wide, poor soils, sun, zone 5.

CALLICARPA (Beauty Berry) P

dichotoma Pink flowers, June-August, showy lilac fruit after, persisting into late fall, 4′ high x 2′ wide, sun-part shade, medium water, zone 5.

CALLIRHOE (Wine Cups) GC, N, P

involucrata Native, purple cup shaped flowers all summer, 12” high x 12” wide, sun part shade, dry soil, good for rock gardens, zone 4.

CALTHA (Marsh Marigold) GC, N, NE, P, DR

palustris Native, yellow flowers, early spring, 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, rain garden, wet, sun part shade, zone 3.

CAMPANULA (Bellflower) C, GC, H, N, P, DR, RR

americana Native. Tall bellflower. Blue flowers, June-August. Woodland, part shade. 3’4′ high x 2′ wide, bee pollinated, moist to average soil, self seeds, zone 4.

CAULOPHYLLUM (Blue Cohosh) N, NE, P

thalictroides Native. Yellow green flower clusters, April to May. Blue berries in fall. Shade, 1-3′ high, zone 3.

CEANOTHUS (New Jersey Tea) C, F, N, P

americanus Native, white flower clusters, fragrant, sub shrub, May – July, 4’ high x 5’ wide, dry, sun, zone 4.

CENTAUREA (Cornflower) C, H, P, DR

montana Blue bachelor button, early summer, 18” high, self sows, sun part shade, zone 3.

CEPHALANTHUS (Button Bush) N, NE, P, DR, F

occidentalis Native, NE. White ball shaped flowers, June – September. Fragrant. Butterflies, bees, birds (seed). Shrub to 12′ high x 8′ wide. Full sun to part shade. Wet to average soils, swales, creek margins. Zone 5.

CHELONE (Turtlehead) C, N, NE, P, DR

glabra Native, NE, white flower spikes, late summer-fall, 2.5’ high x 2’ wide, moist soil, sun part shade, zone 4.
lyonii Native, rose pink tube flowers, July – September, 3’ high x 2’ wide, medium wet soil, sun part shade, zone 3.

CIMICIFUGUA (now known as ‘Actaea’, see above)

CLEMATIS (Clematis) DR, NE

virginianum Fragrant white flowers, fall, vines 20’, medium water, sun to part shade, fast growing privacy vine, zone 3.

CONOCLINIUM (Blue Mistflower) N, P

coelestinum Native. Periwinkle blue ageratum-like flowers July to October. 3’ high x 3’ wide’, sun to part shade. Prefers moist to wet soils. Cut back foliage in early June to prevent later flopping and increase number of blooms. Attractive to butterflies. Zone 5.

COREOPSIS (Tickseed) C, GC, N, P, DR

lanceolata Native, Yellow flowers, May – July, 2’ high x 1.5’ wide, dry-average moisture, sun, zone 4.

DALEA (Purple Prairie Clover) C, N, P

purpurea Native, rose-purple flowers, June – August, 2.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, dry, sun, zone 3.

DELPHINIUM (perennial larkspur) C, H, N, P, DR, R

exaltatum Native, deep blue flower spikes, July – September, sun, zone 5.

DICENTRA (Bleeding Heart) N, NE, P, DR, RR

cucullaria Native. Dutchman’s breeches. White to pink flowers, April to May. 1′ high x 1′ wide, part shade to shade, zone 3.
eximia Native. Rose pink to purplish red. April-July. 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide. Woodland, self seeds slowly, low maintenance, part shade, medium water, rabbit tolerant. Zone 3.

DICTAMNUS (Gas Plant) C, H, DR

albus var. purpurea Pink flowers with dark veins, fragrant, May – June, 2.5’ high x 2.5’ wide, sun, zone 3.

DIERVILLA (Bush Honeysuckle) N, NE, P

lonicera Native, NE, Yellow flowers June – August. Hummingbirds, bees, butterflies. Shrub to 3′ high. Freely suckers. Dry, rocky soils. Shade to part shade. Zone 3.

DODECATHON (Shooting Star) N, NE, P

meadia Native. Spring ephemeral, pink and white flowers April-May. Early pollinator food. 9″ high x 12″ wide, part shade, tolerates clay soil, zone 4.

ECHINACEA (Coneflower) C, F, H, N, P, RR

‘Magnus’ Native, rosy pink flowers, July – August, 3’ high x 1.5’ wide, dry, clay soil, sun, zone 3.
paradoxa Native, yellow flowers, June – August, 2.5’ high x 2’ wide, dry, clay soil, sun, zone 4.
purpurea Native, pink flowers, midsummer, 30” high x 18” wide, sun, zone 3.
purpurea ‘White Swan’ Native selection. White ray flowers with copper colored cone, June – August, 24”-36” high, sun part shade, long lived, zone 4.
tennesseeensis Native to Tennessee. Worthy pollinator plant. Deep purple pink, July – August. Flat ray flowers. Butterflies, bees. 2.5′ high x 1.5′ wide. Sun to part shade. Average moisture. Zone 5.

EPILOBIUM ( Fireweed) DR, N, NE, RR

angustifolium Native. Recolonizes burn areas. Pink purple flower spikes, June-September, 3’ high x 3’ wide. Pollinators love these! Medium water, Zone 2.

ERYNGIUM (Sea Holly) C, DR, N, RR

yuccifolium (Rattlesnake Master) Native, greenish-white flowers, thistle like, July – August, 4’ high x 1.5′ wide, dry, sun, zone 4.

EUPATORIUM (Joe Pye Weed) C, H, DR, N, NE, P

fistulosum Native NE, Dusky rose, July – September. 5′ high x 3′ wide. Sun to part shade. Butterflies. Medium to wet. Zone 4.
maculatum Native, mauve flower clusters, July – September, 6’ high x 3’ wide, moist soil, rain gardens, pollinators, sun, zone 2.
perfoliatum Native, white flower clusters, July – September, medium – wet soil, rain gardens, wet lands, 5’ high x 4’ wide, sun, zone 4
purpureum Native, NE Pink-purple, July – September. Moist prairies, wooded edges. Sun to part shade. Zone 4.

FERNS

ADIANTUM (Northern Maidenhair Fern) C, N

pedatum Native. Fronds in a horizontal spray atop wiry black stems. Part shade to shade, 16”high, Zone 3.

ATHYRIUM (Lady Fern) N, NE

filix-femina Native, finely dissected foliage, 2’ high x 2’ wide, part shade-shade, zone 3.

DENNSTAEDIA (Hay-Scented Fern) N, NE

punctiloba Woodland natives grow in large drifts. Very fragrant. Yellow color in fall. 2’ high x 3 ‘ wide. Shade, poor soils, rocky, dry. Zone 3.

DRYOPTERIS (Wood Fern) N, NE

goldiana Native, golden tips, 4’ high x 6’ wide, moist-average soil, full-part shade, zone 3.
marginalis (Eastern Wood Fern) Native, 18” high x 18” wide, moist-average soil, part shade, zone 3.

MATTEUCIA (Ostrich Fern) N, NE

struthiopteris Very large, rhizomatous, for the large landscape. Three to five feet high by 3 feet wide. Traditional species harvested for fiddleheads in spring. Part shade to shade. Zone

OSMUNDA N, NE, RR

cinnamomea (Cinnamon Fern) Vase shaped fern with cinnamon colored spikes. Lush green color. 36” high by 24” wide. Humusy woodland soil, sun (keep well watered)
regalis (Royal Fern) Lush, finely textured fern foliage. Red emerging, maturing to deep green. Water loving, humusy, woodland soil, 36” x 36”, Zone 3.

POLYSTICHUM (Christmas Fern) DR, RR, NE

acrostichoides Evergreen fern even north. Native to New England. Rocky soil, poor soil, 2’ high x 2’ wide, deer and rabbit resistant. Dry to medium water. Zone 3.

FILIPENDULA (Queen of the Prairie) DR, F, P, N

rubra ‘Venusta’ Native. Pink spike sprays of fragrant flowers, summer, pollinator supportive. 5’ high x 4’ wide, part shade, moist to average soil, deer and rabbit tolerant. Zone 3.
vulgaris NNP Creamy white flowers, June to July. Fragrant. Elegant foliage lasts through season. 3′ high x 1.5′ wide. Sun, dry. Zone 3.

FRAGARIA (Wild Strawberry) GC, NE, P

virginiana White flowers in May-October, becoming sweet red fruit after bloom. Larval host to butterflies. Spreading groundcover for sun and part shade. Good lawn substitute. Dry, zone 3.

GAILLARDIA (Blanket Flower) C, F, N, NE, P

aristata ‘Arizona Apricot’ Apricot and yellow flowers, summer-fall, 12” high x 12” wide, well drained soil, sun, zone 2.
aristata Native. composite flower red and yellow. July to September. Butterflies. 3′ high x 2′ wide. Sun, well drained soil like sandy or rocky. Zone 4.

GALIUM (Sweet Woodruff) F, GC, P, DR

odoratum Fragrant white flowers, spring, 6” high x 12” wide, woodland ground cover, shade-part shade, zone 4.

GENTIANA (Gentian) C, P, DR, N, NE

andrewsii Native, dark blue flowers, October, 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, moist soil, part shade, zone 3.

GERANIUM (Crane’s Bill) F, GC, P, DR, RR

macrorrhizum ‘Bevan’s Variety’ Deep magenta flowers, April – July, dry, sun, zone 3.
maculatum Native, pink-lilac flowers, April – May, 2.5’ high x 1.5 wide, butterflies, drought tolerance, sun part shade, zone 3.
sanguineum ‘Album’
sanguineum ‘St. Ola’
sanguineum ‘Max Frei’ Neat clump of mounded foliage with a profusion of bright pink saucer shaped flowers in summer. Great border plant. Foliage turns red in fall. Low maintenance. Well drained soils. Sun to part shade. 1’ high x 2’ wide. Zone 3.
‘Rozanne’
x cantabriense ‘Biokova’ Very pale pink flowers, June – July,12” high x 12” wide, butterflies, average-moist soil, sun- part shade, zone 4.

GEUM (Avens) P, DR

fragariodes Native, yellow flowers, April – May, 6” high x 12” wide, groundcover, sun-part shade, average water, zone 4.
triflorum Native, reddish purple flowers, May – June, 18” high x 18” wide, well drained soil, easy car, dry, sun, zone 3.

GRASSES

ANDROPOGON (Big Bluestem) DR, N

gerardii Native, big bluestem, blades turn red after first frost, 5-8’ high x 2’ wide, any soil, sun, zone 3.

BOUTELOUA (Blue grama grass, mosquito grass)

curtipendula Native South New England August, 2.5’ high x 1.5’ high, dry, sun, zone 3.
gracilis ‘Blonde Ambition’ Horizontal chartreuse florets, June – August, 2.5′ high x 1.5′ high, dry, sun, zone 3.

CALAMAGROSTIS (Feather Reed Grass)

x acutiflora ‘Karl Forester’ Green, upright, flowers late spring, cool season, 6’ high x 2’ wide, dry-moist soil, sun, zone 4.

CAREX (Sedge) DR, N, NE

albicans (White Tinged Sedge) Native, clump forming, 1′-1.5′ high x 1′ x 1.5′ wide. Dry areas, upland forests. Part shade to shade, zone 4.
crinata Native, NE Florets in June, 3′ high x 2’wide. Sun to part shade, moist to medium. Zone 3.
grayi Native. Gray sedge. Upright form. Interesting seedheads, May to October. 12″ high x 12″ wide. Wet to moist soil, sun to part shade, zone 5.
lacustris Native, NE. Lake Sedge
pensylvanica Native. Pennsylvania sedge. Mounding ground cover, 12” high x 12” wide, low maintenance. Can mow high at 4″ or more for a manicured look. Dry, part shade-shade, zone 3.
plantaginea Native. Seersucker sedge. Broad leaves, 10″ high x 12″ wide. Prefers rich woodland soil. Part shade, zone 3.
rosea Rosy Sedge Native, 12” high mound, woodland, wet—dry soil, part shade, zone 4.
vulpinoides ‘Fox Sedge’ Native, sedge for moist areas, 3’ high x 2’ wide, florets May – June, rain gardens, sun-part shade, zone 3.
woodii (Wood’s Sedge) Native, low and slow growing, fine texture, 14″ high x 36″ wide. Shade to sun, can be mowed to 4″. Zone 4.

CHASMANTHIUM (Northern Sea Oats) N

latifolium Native, attractive florets, August – September, 4’ high x 2.5’ wide, moist-average soil, sun, zone 3.

DANTHONIA (Poverty Oat Grass) N, DR

spicata Native. Poverty oat grass. 12″ high x 12″ wide, good for erosion control. Sun, dry to medium moisture, zone 3.

DESCHAMPSIA (Tufted Hair Grass) N

caespitosa Native, upright tufts bloom July-September, 3′ high x 3′ wide. Birds love to feast on the seeds. Part shade, zone 4.
caespitosa ‘Gold Tau’ Native Selection. Mounding habitat, 24″ high x 24″ wide.Seeds for birds, sun-part shade, compact form, Zone 4.

ERAGROSTIS (Purple Love Grass) N, NE, DR

spectabilis Native. Foamy purple seed heads, July to August. 18″ high x 18″ wide. Sun, dry, low maintenance, zone 5.

HIERACHLOE (Sweet Grass) DR, N, NE

odorata Aromatic cool season grass. Used in making sweetgrass braids, erosion stabilizer, rain gardens, 2′ high x 2′ wide. Sun, zone 4.

KOELERIA (June Grass) N

macrantha Native, clump form, florets May – June, 2’ high x 1’ wide, cold season, dry, sun, zone 3.

JUNCUS (Rush) N, NE

effusis clump reed for wet areas. Good for rain gardens. Upright spike foliage. 3′ high x 3′ wide. Sun. Zone 4.

PANICUM (Switch Grass) N

virgatum Native, florets July – February, 3’-6’ high x 2’-3’ wide, raingarden, clay, sun, zone 4.

SCHIZACHYRIUM (Little Bluestem) DR, N

scoparium Native, fall color, 4’ high x 2’ wide, seeds for birds in fall, dry, sun, zone 3.

SPOROBOLUS (Prairie Dropseed) DR, N

heterolepis Native, delicate mounds, 3’ high x 3’ wide, pinkish florets, August – October, dry, sun, zone 4.

HELENIUM (Helen’s Flower, Sneezeweed) C, H, N, NE, P, DR

autummnale Native, yellow ray flowers, August – October, 4’ high x 2.5’ wide, butterflies, rain gardens, sun, zone 3.
flexuosum Native, Purple headed sneezeweed. Yellow ray flowers with purple brown cones, August to October. 3′ high x 2′ wide. Sun, medium to wet moisture, zone 5.

HELIANTHUS (Perennial Sunflower) C, N, NE,P, DR.

decapetalus Native, NE. Yellow daisy like flowers, June to September. To 5′ tall. A longer lived and more vigorous species than divaricatis. Same cultural needs.
‘Lemon Queen’ Native selection, profuse yellow daisy flowers, midsummer early fall, 6’ high x 6’ wide, average soil, sun, zone 4
maximiliana Native. Yellow daisy like flowers, August to September. 7′ high x 3′ wide, tolerates dry-wet, larval host to the Border Patch butterfly. Sun, zone 3.

HELIOPSIS (Oxeye Sunflower) C, N, NE, P

helianthoides Orange-yellow flowers, June – August, 4’ high x 3’ wide, butterflies, dry, sun, zone 3.

HEUCHERA (Alum Root, Coral Bells) C, GC, N, NE, P, DR

americana Native, white flower spikes, June – August, 2’ high x 1.5’ wide, sun-part shade, zone 4.
‘Autumn Bride’ Fuzzy lime green foliage with spikes of white flowers, September – October, dry, shade, zone 3.
‘Palace Purple’ landscape staple for sun to part shade. Bright purple leaves, cream flowers June to July. Pollinators. 1.5 feet high x 2 feet wide. Zone 4.

HYDRANGEA N, NE, P

arborescens Native NE. White balls, May to August. Shrub. 5″high x 5′ wide. Part shade. Butterflies, bees and flies. Zone 4.

HYPERICUM (St. John’s Wort) N NE, P

prolificum Native shrub. St. John’s Wort. Yellow flowers, June to August. Attracts birds 3′ high x 3′ wide. Well drained soil, dry. Sun, zone 3.

pyramidatum Bright yellow flowers, July to August. Well loved by bees. 4’ high x 3’ wide. July-August. Low maintenance. Average water. Zone 4.

HYDRASTIS (Goldenseal) N, NE, P

canadensis Native. White-green flowers April to May. Slow to grow and establish. 12″ high x 8″ wide. Moist woods, rich soil, shade, zone 3.

IRIS C, F, H, N, NE P, RR

cristata Native, blue purple flowers, May – June, 6” high x 9” wide, part sun, zone 3.
versicolor Native, blue flowers, 30” high x 24” wide, rain garden, moist soil, sun, zone 4.
versicolor ‘Purple Flame’ Native Selection, 28″ high x 24″ wide, average soil. Sun. Zone 4.

JEFFERSONIA (Twinleaf) N, P

diphylla Woodland plant with delicate white flowers April – May. Twinned leaves form lush groundcover. 1.5′ high x .75′ wide. Shade to part shade. Zone 5.

LAVANDULA (Lavender) C, F, H, P, DR

‘Phenomenal’ Lavender spikes, very fragrant, summer, 24” high x 26” wide, very cold hardy, dry, sun, zone 4.

LESPEDEZA (Round headed bush clover) N, NE, P, DR

capitata White pea-like flowers with pink spots July to September. 2-4′ high x 2′ wide. Sun to part shade. Dry, sandy, poor soils. Medium moisture. Bees. Birds (seed). Zone 4.

LIATRIS (Gayfeather) C, N, NE, P, DR

aspera Lavender blooms late summer. 2’ high x 2’ wide. August to September. Zigzag placement on stalk. Sandy to other well drained soil. Dry. Zone 3.
ligulistylis Native, large purple flowers on long spikes, summer-fall, 42” high x 18” wide, sun, zone 4.
microcephala Small rosy purple flower heads September to August. Tolerates dry to medium water. Sun to part shade. 2’ high x 1’ wide. Lean soil. Zone 4.
novae-angliae Native to New England. 3′ high x 2′ wide. Sun to part shade. Zone 4.
spicata Red purple flower spikes, July through August. 3’ high x 1.5’ wide. Medium water, rain garden, sun, Zone 4.

LINDERA (Spice Bush) N, NE, P

benzoin Native. Green-yellow flowers, April. Larval host plant for Eastern Tiger Swallowtail and Spice Bush Swallowtail. Fragrant flowers and foliage. Berries in late summer. 12′ high x 10′ wide. Medium to moist/wet. Part shade. Zone 4.

LOBELIA (Cardinal Flower) C, N, NE, P, DR

cardinalis Native, red flower spikes, late summer-early fall, 3’ high x 1.5’ wide, moist soil, full sun, zone 3.
siphilitica Native, blue flowers, July – September, 3’ high x 1.5’ wide, well drained soil, sun-part shade, zone 4.

LONICERA (Honeysuckle) F, N, P, DR

‘John Clayton’ Yellow tubular flowers May-June. Attracts hummingbirds. Vining, 12’ high, 5’ wide. Sun, low maintenance, average water. Zone 4.

LUPINUS (Lupine) C, H, N, P, DR

perennis Native, lavender flowers, April – July, 2’ high x 1’ wide, sandy soil, zone 3. Host of the endangered Karner Blue Butterfly. Needs sandy soils. Its taproot cannot tolerate excessive moisture. No compost. Native to sandy soils. Sun, zone 4.
polyphyllus ‘The Governor’ Bluish and white flowers, bee friendly. Fragrant. 3.5’ high x 1.5’ wide. Reseeds. Sun, Z4. This variety grows in the Vermont median strip on I-89, blooming in June.

LYCHNIS (Maltese Cross, Rose Campion) C, H, DR

coronaria ‘Astrosanguinea’ Magenta flowers, June – August, 24” high x 18” wide, butterflies, sun-part shade, zone 3.

LYSIMACHIA (Lanceleaf Loosestrife) N, NE, P

ciliata Native. Fringed Loosestrife. Yellow flowers June – September. 3′ high x 2′ high. Part shade – full shade. Moist – wet. Zone 4.
lanceolata Native. Small star shaped yellow flowers, mid to late summer. Attracts short-tongued bees. 2′ high x 2′ wide. Moist to wet soil. Sun to lite shade, zone 4.

LYTHRUM (Winged Lythrum) N, NE, P Not the invasive loosestrife!

alatum Small pink purple flowers June to September. 3′ high x 2′ wide. Moist to wet soil, sun. Used by leaf cutter bees, green metal bees, hummingbirds, long tongued bees and bumblebees. Zone 4.

MAIANTHEMUM (False Solomon’s Seal) NE, P

racemosa Now known by its new genus Maianthemum. Foamy flowers May to June. Inedible red berries form after bloom. Medium water, part shade to shade. Humusy, woodland soil. 3’ high x 2’ wide. Woodland garden. Zone 4.

MERTENSIA (Bluebells) C, NE, P

virginica Native. Spring ephemeral. Bell shaped blue tubular flowers, May to June. 2.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, part shade to shade. Average water. Early food for pollinators. Zone 4.

MIMULUS (Allegheny Monkey Flower) N, NE, P, DR, RR

ringens Lilac purple flowers bloom June to September. Occurs in moist areas like stream banks, pond edges and wet meadows. Sun to part shade. Moist to wet soils. 3’ high x 1’wide. Low maintenance. Zone 3.

MONARDA (Bee Balm, Wild Bergamot) C, F, H, N, P, DR

bradburiana Native, pink-white flowers, May – June,2’ high x 2’ wide, dry, sun-part shade, zone 4.
didyma Native to New England. Red tubular flowers attract hummingbirds. Blooms July to August. 3′- 4′ high x 2′ -3′ wide. Sun to part shade. Medium to wet water. Zone 4.
didyma ‘Raspberry Wine’. Native selection. Magenta red flowers July to August. Loved by hummingbirds, and bees. 4′ high x 3′ wide. Medium water. Sun to part shade. Zone 4.
fistulosa Native, pink-lavender flowers, July – September, 3′ high x 3′ wide, sun-part shade, zone 3.
fistulosa ‘Claire Grace’ Native selection, lavender flowers, mid-late summer, 36” high x 26” wide, butterflies, dry, sun, zone 4.
punctata Native, white flowers with purple spots, June – July, 2’ high x 1’ wide, sandy dry soil, sun, zone 3.

NEPETA (Catmint) F, GC, P, DR, RR

racemosa ‘Blue Wonder’ Clusters of dark blue flowers, May – September,12” high x 12” wide, average water, dry, sun, zone 3.
‘Early Bird’ Purple blue flowers, April – September, 16” high x 16” wide, dry, sun, zone 3.
‘Walker’s Low’ Lavender blue flowers, April – September, 2.5’ high x 3’ wide, dry, sun, zone 4.

OENOTHERA (Evening Primrose) C, H, N, P, DR

fruticosa Native, large yellow flowers, late spring-early summer, dry, sun, zone 4.

OLIGONEURON (Stiff Goldenrod) N, NE, P, DR

rigida Native. Yellow flowers August – September. 4′ high x 3′ wide. Medium water, sun, average to clay soil. Open woodlands, thickets, fields. Valuable to later season food for butterflies. Zone 3.

OPUNTIA (Eastern Prickly Pear) GC, N, P, DR, RR

humifusa Native, yellow flowers with red fruit, June – July, dry, sun, zone 3.

PACKERA (Ragwort) GC, N, P

aurea Native, yellow flowers, April, early food supply for bees. 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, tolerates wet soil, sun, zone 3.
obovata Native, yellow daisy-like flowers April to June. 1.5′ high x 1′ wide. Medium to wet. Sun to part shade. Excellent for rain garden. Attracts butterflies. Zone 3.

PACHYSANDRA (Allegheny Spurge) N, P

procumbens Shades of green groundcover with red color in the fall. Fragrant white spikes April to May. 12″ high x 6″ wide. Part shade to shade. Medium water. Zone 5.

PARTHENIUM (Wild Quinine) C, H, N, NE, P

integrifolium Native. White flower clusters, May to August. 3′ high x 2′ wide. Dry to medium water. Tolerates drought, erosion, most soil types. Sun. Zone 4.

PENSTEMON (Beardtongue) C, DR, N, P, RR

calycosus Pink tubular flowers, June to July, food for bees and hummingbirds. 3′ high x 2′ wide, moist to average moisture. Sun to part shade, zone 3.
digitalis Native, white tubular flowers, April – June, 3’-5’ high, butterflies, dry, sun, zone 3.
digitalis ‘Husker Red’ Native selection. Red foliage with white flowers, summer, 30” high x 24” wide, average soil, sun, zone 3.
hirsutus Native. Lavender tubular flowers, May-June. Sun-part shade. Attracts hummingbirds, butterflies and bees. Hairy foliage. 18″ high x 12″ wide, zone 4.
pallidus Native. White tubular flowers May to June. 2′ high x 2′ wide. dry woods, fields. Bees, hummingbirds, butterflies. Dry to medium. Sun to part shade. Zone 4.
strictus Native, deep blue spikes, late spring – early summer, 30” high x 36” wide, dry, sun, zone 4.

PEROVSKIA (Russian Sage) C, DR, F, P, RR

atriplicifolia Long lavender spikes July to October. Fragrant foliage and flower. Foliage is silver and upright. Prefers hot dry sites with excellent drainage. 4’ high x 4’ wide. Great for the back of the perennial bed. Sun, zone 5.
atriplicifolia ‘Little Spire’ More compact version of the straight species. Violet blue flower blooms June-frost. 2’ high x 2’ wide. Dry, sun, well drained soil. Zone 4.

PERSICARIA (Mountain Fleece) DR, P, RR, GC

‘Dimity’ Fragrant light pink flower spikes, late spring-midsummer, 12” high x 18” wide, dry, sun-part shade, zone 4.
‘Firetail’ Red flower spikes late season. Bees, wasps and flies crowd this for food in fall. Not invasive. 4′ high x 3′ wide. Sun to part shade. Dry to medium. Zone 4.

PHLOMIS C, DR, F, P, RR

russeliana (Turkish Sage) Pale yellow clusters, June – September, 2.5’ high x 2’ wide, dry, sun, zone 5.

PHLOX C, DR, F, H, N, P

divaricata Native, lavender blue flowers, mid-spring, 1’ high, spreading slow, ground cover, shade-part shade, zone 3.
paniculata Native. Whites, shades of pink and purple flowers, July to September. 3.5′ high x 3′ wide. Grows best in moist soil and sun. Found at wood’s edge. Zone 2. This is the species that has given rise to numerous hybrids.
paniculata ‘Jeana’ Native selection, pink flowers, midsummer-early fall, 4.5’ high x 3’ wide, average-moist soil, sun-part shade, zone 3.
stolonifera Native, fragrant purple flowers, mid-late spring, 8” high x 12” wide, part shade-shade, zone 2.
subulata ‘Emerald Blue’ Lavender blue flowers, late spring, 6” high x 15” wide, gritty soil, sun, zone 2.
subulata ‘Red Wing’ Bright crimson flowers, dark red centers, late spring, ground cover, sun, zone 2.
subulata White’ Large white flowers blanket the foliage in spring. 6” high x 15” wide. Sun. Low to average water needs. Zone 2.

PHYSOSTEGIA (Obedient Plant) C, N, P, DR, RR

virginiana Native Pale pink tubular flowers, August to November. Up to 4′ high. Sun to part shade, moist soils. Rich humus soils. Attracts hummingbirds and butterflies. Zone 3.

PODOPHYLLUM (May Apple) N

peltatum Native, white flowers, April, 18” high, golden fruit, dormant in summer, part shade-shade, zone 3.

POLEMONIUM (Jacob’s Ladder) N, DR, RR

reptans Native, blue flowers, April – June, 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, reseeds, sun-part shade, zone 3.

POLYGONATUM (Solomon’s Seal) N, NE

biflorum Native, greenish white bell flowers, April – May, 3’ high x 1.5’ wide, average-moist soil, shade, zone 3.
biflorum var. commutatum Giant Solomon’s Seal. Native, greenish white flowers May to June. Inedible blue-black berries follow. 6′ high x 4′ wide. Part shade to shade. Medium to wet. Zone 3.
odoratum ‘Variegatum’ Green leaves with white, gold in fall, white flowers in spring, 24” high x 20” wide, woodland, shade-pat shade, zone 3.

PORTERANTHUS (formerly Gillenia, Bowerman’s Root) N, DR, RR, P

trifoliatus Native, white star shaped flowers, fall color, May – July, 3’ high x 2’ wide, sun-part shade, zone 4.

POTENTILLA (now Sibbaldiopsis) DR, RR, N, P

tridentata‘ Native. Three toothed cinquefoil. White or pink 5 petal flowers, June-July. 4″ high x 9″ wide. Grow in gravelly, sandy, well drained soil. Dry, sun. Zone 3.

PRUNUS (Black Cherry) N, NE, P

serotina Native tree. White flower clusters in spring followed by cherries that turn black in fall. 50′-100′ high to 40′ wide. Fall color. Moist or dry, open woods, floodplains, lower riparian areas. Larval host for Eastern Tiger Swallowtail, Viceroy, Promethea moth, Wild Cherry Sphinx moth and many others. Feeds butterflies and birds. Considered a keystone species. Sun to shade. Zone 3.

PULSATILLA (Pasque Flower) DR, RR, P

patens Pale or dark violet flowers, April – May, 2’ high x 1’ wide, water medium, full sun-part shade, zone 4.

PYCNANTHEMUM (Mountain Mint) DR, F, N, P, RR

muticum Pale pink flowers July to September. Fragrant flowers and leaves. Sun to part shade. Pollinator magnet! Vigorous grower, though not aggressive like other mints. Medium water. 3’ high x 3’ wide. Low maintenance. Zone 4.
tenuifolium Slender Mountain Mint. White flowers, July to September. 3′ high x 3′ wide. Fragrant foliage. Dry to medium moisture, sun. Zone 3.
virginianum NE native. White flowers with a lavender tint July to September, Fragrant. 2′-3′ high x 2′ wide. Bees. Sun to part shade. Moist. Zone 3.

RATIBIDA (Mexican Hat Plant) C, N, P

columnifera ‘Red Midget’ Native selection. Yellow edged red petals with a prominent cone. Late summer to early fall. Butterflies utilize nectar from cones. Birds eat seeds after blooms die back. Average to dry. Lean soils. 15” high x 30” wide. Sun to part shade. Zone 3.
pinnata Native, yellow ray flowers with gray cone, June – August, 4’ high x 2’ wide, butterflies, clay, drought tolerance, sun, zone 3.

ROSA (Wild Rose) N, NE, P, DR, RR

carolina NE Native shrub. Pink fragrant flowers May to June. 3′-6′ high x 5′-10′ wide. Sun, medium to wet. Birds, butterflies, bees. Zone 4.
palustris NE Native shrub. Swamp Rose. Pink fragrant flowers June to August. 3′-6′ high x 3′-6′ wide. Sun to part shade. Moist soil. Birds, butterflies, bees. Zone 4.

RUDBECKIA (Orange Coneflower, Black-Eyed Susan) C, F, DR, RR, N, P

fulgida var. deamii Yellow ray flowers, August to October. Densely branched plants make for dense blooming. 3′ high x 2′ wide. Dry, sun, zone 4.
fulgida var. fulgida Native, long blooming gold daisy flowers, late summer-fall, 30” high x 24” wide, medium-dry soil, sun, zone 4.

fulgida ‘Goldsturm’ Native selection. Large golden flowers with brown centers, late summer-midfall, 24” high x 24” wide, average soil, sun, zone 4.
fulgida ‘Little Goldstar’ Star shaped golden yellow flowers, midsummer, late summer, early fall, 16” high x 16” wide, average soil, sun-part shade, zone 4.
hirta Native, yellow rays with brown cone, July – September, 2’ high x 2’ wide, butterflies, average-moist soil, sun, zone 3.
hirta ‘Prairie Sun’ Peachy orange petals surround green cones, early summer to early fall. 2.5′ high x 1′ wide. Medium water, sun. Zone 3.
laciniata Native, yellow ray flowers with green centers, July – September, 2’-9’ high x 1.5’-3’ wide, butterflies, sun-part shade, zone 3.
laciniata ‘Autumn Sun’ (Herbstonne) Bright yellow ray flowers with green cones. Late summer. A smaller version of the straight species. 5’-6’ high x 4’ wide. Clay soil tolerant. Zone 3.
submentosa Sweet Coneflower. Fragrant yellow flowers July to September. Wet prairies, roadsides, woodland edges. To 5′ high x 2′ wide. Sun to part shade. Moist. Zone 4.
triloba Native, yellow daisy like flowers, July – September, 3’ high x 1.5’ wide, drought tolerant, sun, zone 4.

RUELLIA (Wild Petunia) N, P

humilis Native, lilac blue flowers June to September. 2′ high x 2′ wide. Dry to medium, sun to part shade. Attracts butterflies. Tolerates dry soils. Good in rain gardens. Zone 4.

SALVIA (Sage) C, DR, F, P, RR

nemerosa ‘Caradonna’ Black stems with purple spike flowers, midsummer, 2’ high x 1.5’ wide, dry, sun, zone 4.
nemerosa ‘May Night’ Deep purplish blue flower spikes, May – June, 18” high x 18” wide, dry, sun, zone 3.
nemerosa ‘Snow Hill’ White spikes, May – June, 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, easy care, sun, zone 3.

SAMBUCUS (Elderberry) F, N, NE, P

canadensis Fragrant white flowers June to July. Berries edible. Beneficial to birds, pollinated by native bees. To 12′ high x 12′ wide. Sun to part shade. Moist to medium soils. Zone 3.

SANGUISORBA (Burnet) C, N, NE, P, DR, RR

canadensis Native. White spikes August to October. Grows to 5′ high x 2′ wide. Wetland plant. Prefers its roots stay damp. Sun, zone 3.

SCROPHULARIA (Skullcap) N, NE, P

marilandica Native, NE. Tubular flowers, July to September. Important food for native bees. 5′-10′ high x 3′-6′ wide. Rich woods and thickets. Sun to part shade. Zone 4.

SCUTELLARIA (Skullcap) N, DR, RR

incana Native, blue flowers, July – September, 3’ high x 2’ wide, dry, clay tolerant, sun-part shade, zone 5.

SEDUM (Stonecrop) GC, DR, RR, P

‘Autumn Joy’ Rose pink flower clusters late summer – fall. Upright sedum grows to 24” high x 24” wide. Chopping back by half in early to mid June will lead to a more compact and floriferous plant at bloom time. Sun, low water. Zone 3.
repestre ‘Angelina’ Golden foliage, yellow flowers in summer, 3” high x 24” wide, dry, sun, zone 3.
ternatum Native, white flowers, late spring-early summer, 6” high x 12” wide, part sun-shade, zone 3.
ternatum ‘Larinem Park’ Native Selection. More compact than species. Just as valuable for bees. White flowers late spring to summer. 4″ high x 10″ wide. Sun to shade. Low water. Zone 3.

SENNA (American Senna) N, NE, P

hebecarpa Yellow pea flowers July to August. 4′-6′ high x 4′ wide. Moist open woods and disturbed areas. Sun to part shade. Moist to average. Larval host for Cloudless Sulphur and Skipper butterflies. Nectaries at base of flowers provide food for lady beetles, ants and flies which keep pests at bay. Seeds eaten by wild turkeys and bobwhites. Zone 4.

SILENE (Wild Pinks, Catchfly) GC, N, P

regia Scarlet star shaped blooms July to August. Dry, rocky soils. Hummingbirds love this flower! 3’ high x 2’ wide. Zone 5.
stellata Starry Campion. White flowers, June to July. Well drained soil, 2′ high x 2′ wide. Sun to part shade, zone 5.

SILPHIUM (Cup Plant) N, P

laciniatum Yellow daisy like flowers bloom July – September. This native is a back border plant. Birds love it because the leaves are cupped around the stem. When it rains water is held in these leaves. After blooming, seeds are food source for birds. 5’-9’ high x 3’ wide. Sun, medium water, poor to average soils. Zone 3.

SISYRINCHIUM (Blue-eyed Grass) N, NE, DR, P

angustifolium Native, blue-purple flowers, May – June, 12” high x 9” wide, sun-shade, zone 4.

SOLIDAGO (Goldenrod) C, N, NE, P, DR, RR

bicolor Silverrod. NE. White flower spikes, July-October. 3′-5′ high x 1′ wide. Thin woods and clearings. Sun to part shade. Dry to average. Attracts a large number of native bees. Zone 3.
caesia Bluestem. NE, yellow flowers, August-September, 2.5′ high x 2.5′ wide, butterflies. dry, sun-part shade, zone 4.
flexicaulis Zigzag goldenrod. Native, NE, yellow spike flowers, August – September, 3; high x 1’ wide, butterflies, dry, part shade-shade, zone 3.
nemoralis Prairie Goldenrod. NE. Yellow flowers, June to October. 2-3′ high x 2′ wide, found in dry woods and meadows. Late season food for butterflies. Sun to part shade, zone 3.
odora Sweet Goldenrod. Native NE, anise scented leaves with yellow flowers, August – September, 4’ high x 2’ wide, dry, sun-part shade, zone 4.
rugosa Wrinkleleaf Goldenrod. Native. NE. Yellow flower spikes August to October. Sun. Medium to wet. Valuable to native bees. Provides nesting material for bees. Zone 4.
rugosa ‘Fireworks’ Native Selection. Tiny yellow flowers, September – October, 3’ high x 3’ wide, butterflies, rain gardens, average-moist soil, sun, zone 4.
speciosa NE Native. Large yellow plumes August-September. 3′ high x 3′ wide. Feeds a large number of native bees. Attracts predatory and parasitoid insects which feed on pests. Rocky or clay soils. Moist to average. Zone 3.
sphacelata ‘Golden Fleece’ Native Selection. 1.5′-2′ high x 2′-3′ wide. Shorter selection for rock gardens and front of borders. Feeds late season bees and butterflies. Sun to light shade. Dry to average. Zone 4.

STACHYS (Lamb’s Ear) GC, P, DR, RR

byzantina ‘Big Ears’ Rarely flowers. Excellent ground cover for sunny areas. Soft, silver, furry leaves. 12″ high x 24″ wide. Dry to medium water, sun, zone 4.
monieri ‘Hummelo’ Rose lavender flowers, July-September, 18″ high x 18″ wide, average water, sun, zone 4.

STYLOPHORUM (Celandine Poppy) N, NE, P

diphyllum Bright yellow flowers, April to June. Part shade to shade, medium to wet. Woodland. Great food source for early season pollinators. 1.5’ high x 1’ wide. Zone 4

TEUCRIUM (Germander) C, GC, N, P

canadense NE Native. Lavender spike flowers June-September. 2′ high x 2′ wide. Meadows, pastures. Butterflies. Sun to part shade. Medium. Zone 4.
chamaedrys Non-native pollinator plant. Pink spike flowers July. Aromatic leaves. Sun, dry to medium soil. 2′ high x 2′ wide. Zone 4.

THALICTRUM (Meadow Rue) DR, RR

dioicum Native, greenish white flowers, mid-late spring, 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, part shade-shade, zone 4.

pubescens Native, white flowers, June – August, 6’ high x 3’ wide, butterflies, wet-medium soil, part shade-shade, zone 3.

THERMOPSIS (Carolina Lupine) C, N, P

villosum Native, yellow pea flowers, July, 4’ high x 3’ wide, dry, sun, zone 4.

THYMUS (Thymus) F, GC, P, DR, RR

serphyllum ‘Minus’ Mat forming tiny leaved. ¼” high x 12” wide. Imagine a low carpet of fragrant leaves with tiny pink flowers June to July. Excellent for between stone pavers, though not good for a large area of frequent foot traffic like lawn grass. Sun, dry. Zone 4.
praecox ‘Coccineus’ Magenta flowers over dark green foliage. 1/2″ high x 12″ wide. Mat forming. Sun, dry, zone 4.
praecox ‘Pseudolanuginosis’ (woolly thyme) Tiny hairy leaves with soft pink flowers, June – July, ¼” high x 12” wide, dry, sun, zone 4.

TIARELLA (Foamflower) N, NE, P, DR

cordifolia NE Native, white flower spikes, late spring-early summer, 12” high x 15” wide, butterflies, part shade, zone 2.
‘Running Tapestry’ Native Selection. Small white flowers on spikes, late spring-midsummer, 12” high x 20” wide, part shade-shade, zone

TRILLIUM (Wake Robin) N, NE, P

grandiflorum Native. White flowers, spring, foliage dies off in late summer. Part shade to shade, rich soil, woodland, seeds are dispersed by ants. 12″ high x 8″ wide. Zone 4.
luteum Native to Southeast. Yellow flowers, April to May. 12″ high x 12″ wide. Part shade to shade, woodland, humusy soil. Medium moisture. Zone 4.

UVULARIA (Large flowered bellwort) C, N, NE, P

grandiflora Yellow bell shaped flowers, dangling down from stems, April to May. Excellent woodland pollinator plant. Part shade to full shade. Medium water, low maintenance. Zone 3.

VERBASCUM (Mullein) C, H, P

phoenicum ‘Violetta’ Delicate purple flowers on spikes rising above basal foliage. June to August. Reseeds easily. Bees. 2′-3′ high x 1.5′ wide. Sun to part shade. Zone 5.

VERBENA (Vervain) N, NE, DR, P

hastata Blue Vervain. Blue purple spikes of flowers, July to September. Pollinated by bees. 2.5’ high x 2.5’ wide. Wet to medium soil. Sun, easy care, Zone 4.
stricta Hoary Vervain. Blue purple flowers May to September. 4′ high x 2′ wide. Dry, sun, attracts butterflies and hummingbirds. Zone 4.

VERNONIA (Ironweed) N, P, RR

fasciculata Native, purple flowers, July – September, 3-6’ high x 3’ wide, moist average soil, sun, zone 3.
noveboracensis Native, purple flower heads, August – September, 4-6’ high x 3-4’ wide, average wet soil, sun, zone 5.

VERONICASTRUM (Culver’s Root) C, N, NE, P, DR

virginicum NE Native, white flower spikes, June – August, 6’ high x 4’ wide, butterflies, medium wet soil, sun, zone 3.

VIOLA (Violet) DR, N, P

sororia (Wood violet) Purple and purple speckled flowers April-May. Early pollinator food. Glossy green leaves make an excellent groundcover as a lawn replacement. Rich soil, moist. Sun to part shade. Zone 3.

XANTHORIZA (Yellowroot) N, NE, P, DR

simplicissma NE Native. Purple flowers April-May. Damp woods, stream banks. 2.5′ high x 6′ wide. Early season pollinators. Part shade, medium water. Shrub. Stabilizes slopes and banks. Red-orange fall color. Zone 3.

ZIZIA C, N, DR, NE

aptera Native. Meadow zizia. Yellow flower clusters, May. Early season food for pollinators. 2′ high x 2′ wide. Sun to part shade. Medium moisture. Sun, zone 3.
aurea Native. Golden Alexanders. Yellow flower clusters, May to June. Early season food for butterflies. 2′ high x 2′ wide. Sun to part shade. Moist woods and meadows. Zone 3.

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