Plant Catalog

This season, Full Circle Gardens is undergoing exciting changes in the perennial varieties we grow. Because of customer demand and the increasingly urgent need to save and support pollinators and wildlife, we will be growing more native and pollinator varieties and eliminating many exotic varieties that we’ve grown. We will continue to grow those non-native varieties that are known to support local pollinators. We will continue to grow our most popular landscape varieties. If you haven’t already, ask us how to succeed by landscaping with native and pollinator supportive perennials. We’re here to help.

Botanical Names: In the last few years, genetic testing has resulted in a change of genera names for many perennials. We are choosing to update some (ie: Cimicifugua to Actaea) but with the more recent changes, we are keeping the old for familiarity, ie: still Dicentra, not the new Lamprocapnos.

KEY TO SYMBOLS: C=Cut Flower, DR=Deer Resistant, F=Fragrant, G=Ground Cover, H= Heirloom, N=Native to US, NE=Native to New England, P=Pollinator Supportive, RR=Rabbit Resistant

ACHILLEA (Yarrow) C, F, H, P, DR, RR

millefolium Native, NE, White flower clusters June to September, butterflies and bees, 3’h x 3’w, dry, sun to part shade, Zone 3.
millefolium ‘Coronation Gold’ Clusters of yellow flowers, June – September, 2.5’h x 2’w, drought and deer tolerant, sun, dry, Zone 3.
millefolium ‘Moonshine’ Sulfur Yellow flowers, summer, grey-green leaves, cut back for rebloom, 18” high, sun, zone 4.
millefolium ‘Paprika’ Red umbel flowers, June-September, good cut and dried, dry to average water, 2’ high x 2” wide, zone 4.
ptarmica ‘The Pearl’ (Angel’s Breath) Small white flowers, June-September, 2’ high x 2 ’wide, dry – average water, sun to part shade, cut, dried, zone 3.

ACONITUM (Monkshood, Wolf’s Bane, Aconite) C, DR, RR.

arendsii x carmichaelii (Azure Monkshood) Azure blue flowers, spikes, September – October, 4.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, sun part shade, zone 3.

ACTAEA (formerly Cimicifugua) (Black Cohosh, Snakeroot, Bugbane, Fairy Candle) C, F, P, DR, RR, N.

pachypoda (White Baneberry, Dolls’ Eyes) Native, fragrant white spikes, May – June, 2’ high x 2’ wide, part shade to shade, butterflies, zone 3.
racemosa (Black Cohosh) Native, white flower spikes, June – July, fragrant, 4’ – 6’ high x 2’ – 4’ wide, rich soil, part shade to shade, zone 3.
simplex ‘Atropurpurea’ White flower spikes, fragrant, August – September, 5’ high x 3’ wide, part shade to full shade, zone 3.
simplex ‘Brunette’ Creamy white fragrant flower spikes, August to September. 4′ high x 3′ wide, zone 4.
simplex ‘Chocoholic’ Mauve spikes, fragrant, August – September, part to full shade, 3’ high x 2.5’ wide, zone 4
simplex ‘Pink Spike’ Pink flower spikes, fragrant, August – September, 3’ high x 1.5’ wide, part shade to full shade, zone 3.

AGASTACHE (Anise Hyssop, Hummingbird Mint) C, F, N, P, DR, RR.

foeniculum ‘Blue Fortune’ Native, lavender blue spikes, July – September, 3’ high x 2’ wide, butterflies, dry, sun, zone 4.
foeniculum Native, lavender flower spikes, fragrant, June – September, 3.5’ high x 2.5’ wide, dry, sun, zone 3.

ALCEA (Hollyhock) C, H, P, RR

ficifolia ‘Las Vegas’ Red, yellow, white, copper, pink, purple, mix flowers, summer, 5’ high x 2’ wide, sun, zone 3.

ALCHEMILLA (Lady’s Mantle) C, GC, H, RR

alpina Native, tiny chartreuse flowers, June – July, ground cover, 8” high x 20” wide, sun part shade, zone 2.
mollis ( Lady’s Mantle) chartreuse flower clusters, June, good cut, 1.5’ high x 2.5’ wide, sun, average water, zone 3.

ALLIUM (Ornamental Onion) C, F, P, DR, RR

cernuum Native, pink flowers displayed like fireworks, summer,18” high x 9” wide, sun, zone 4.
‘Millenium’ Rose purple flowers, July – August, 18” high – 18” wide, sun, dry to medium, butterflies, zone 5.
thunbergia ‘Ozawa’ Red violet flower globes late in season, September-November. Always loaded with bees in late fall. 1’ high x 1’ wide. Low maintenance. Medium water. Sun to part shade. Zone 4.

AMORPHA (Lead Plant) C, N, P

canescens Native, blue flower spikes, July – September, birds, butterflies, 3’ high x 2.5’ wide, sun, dry, zone 2.

AMSONIA (Blue Star) C, N, P, DR, RR

‘Blue Ice’ Native selection, lavender blue flowers, May – June, fall color, 18” high x 18” wide, sun part shade, zone 4.
hubrichtii Native, light blue star shaped flowers, late spring early summer, lemon yellow foliage in fall, 3’ high x 3’ wide, sun, zone 4.
tabermontanae Native, steel blue flowers, early summer, lemon yellow foliage in fall, 36” high x 30” wide, sun, zone 4.

ANEMONE (Windflower) C, F, P, DR, RR

canadensis Native, white flowers, April – June, 2’ high x 2.5’ wide, sun part shade, medium – wet, zone 3.
tomentosa ‘Robustissima’ Pink flowers with rose shade, August – October, 4’ high x 3’ wide, sun part shade, average moisture, zone 4.
‘Honorine Jobert’ White flowers, August – September, 3’ high x 2’ wide, sun part shade, zone 4.

ANEMONELLA (Rue Anemone) NE, P

thalictroides Native. White and pale pink flowers, April-May, early food for pollinators, 3/4″ high x 3/4″ wide, drought tolerant, part shade, zone 4.

AQUILEGIA (Columbine) C, H, N, P, DR, RR

‘Blue Barlow’ Violet blue, double flowers, May – July, 2.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, part sun, part shade, zone 3.
‘Blue Jay’ Large uptilted blue and white flowers, spring, 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, part sun to sun. Well drained soil, zone 3.
canadensis Native, light yellow & red or yellow & pink flowers. April-May. 2.5’ high x 1.5’ wide.
canadensis ‘Corbett’ Pale yellow flowers April – May. 1.5’ high x 1’ wide. Medium water. Sun to part shade. Attracts hummingbirds. Zone 3.
‘Crimson Star’ Crimson & white flowers late spring-early summer. 2.5’ high x 1.5’ wide. Full sun-part sun, zone 3.
‘Robin’ Rose and white flowers, late spring-early summer, 20” high x 24” wide, sun part shade, zone 3.

ARABIS (Rock Cress) GC, P, RR

‘Compinkie’ Rockcress evergreen, rock garden, rose-pink flowers, early spring, 6” high x 24” wide, dry soil, sun part shade, zone 4.

ARALIA (Spikenard) N, P

cordata ‘Sun King’ Stunning chartreuse foliage, more golden in sun. Tiny white flowers late summer into fall followed by dark berries. 4-5’ high x 4-5’ wide. Part shade best, can tolerate some sun. Zone 4.
nudicaulis Native. Wild sarsaparilla. Tiny white flowers in spring followed by dark blue berries. Woodlands. 1′-2′ high x 2′ wide, zone 4.
racemosa Native. American Spikenard. White flowers, June-August. 3′-5′ high x 3′-5′ wide. Drought tolerant. Sun to part shade, zone 4.

ARCTOSTAPHYLOS (Bear Berry, Kinnickinnick) GC, N, P

uva-ursi Native. Pink tubular flowers, April-May. Low growing mat, evergreen leaves, red berries. 1’ high x 4’ wide. Well drained, gravelly soil. Sun – part shade, zone 2.

ARISAEMA (Jack-in-the-Pulpit) N, P

triphyllum Native. Green & purple large tubular flowers. Spring. 1.5’ high x 1.5 wide. Moist soil with much organic matter. Red berry cluster in summer. Plant goes dormant in summer. Part to full shade. Zone 4.

ARTEMESIA (Mugwort) C, F, GC, DR, RR

schimidtiana ‘Silver Mound’ Fine silver foliage. Inconspicuous flowers, edging, 14” high x 16” wide, sun, fragrant foliage, dry, zone 4.

ARUNCUS (Goats Beard) N, P, DR

dioicus Native. Cream spikes arise over foliage early to midsummer. 5’ high x 4’ wide, sun to part shade, medium to wet. Zone 4.

ASARUM (Wild Ginger) F, GC, N, P, DR

canadense Native, dense groundcover in woodlands, red flowers, early spring under leaves, 1” high, shade, zone 3.

ASCLEPIAS (Milkweed) C, F, H, N, P, DR

incarnata Native, pink flower clusters, July – August, 4’ high x 3’ wide, medium wet, sun, zone 3.
tuberosa Native, orange flowers, summer, butterflies, 24” high x 24” wide, sun, dry, lean soil, zone 3.
verticillata Native, white flowers, June – September, butterflies, hummingbirds, 2.5’ high x 2’ wide, dry – medium, sun part shade, zone 4.

ASTER (Aster) C, N, P, DR

cordifolius Native, pale-rich blue flowers, August – September, 2’-4’ high x 2’ wide, dry average soil, sun part shade, zone 3.
divaricatus Native, white daisy flowers, late summer-fall, 3’ high x 3’ wide, zone 3.
eriocoides Native. Heath aster. Tiny white sprays of flowers, August to Septmber, 1′-3′ high x 1′ wide, birds, butterflies, host plant, sun, dry, zone 3.
laevis Native, blue flowers, August – October, butterflies, 3’ high x 3’ wide, sun part shade, moist-average, zone 4.
laevis ‘Blue Bird’ Native, violet blue rays with yellow centers, September-October, 2.5’ high x 2.5’ wide, dry-medium, sun, zone 4.
linariifolius Native. Flaxleaf white topped Aster. Blue, June- November, sun-shade, dry, sandy soil, 24″ high x 24″ wide, zone 4.
macrophyllus Native, lavender daisy flowers, August – October, 24” high x 24” wide, part shade shade, zone 3.
novae-angliae ‘Alma Potschke’ Bright pink flowers, September – October, 3’ high x 3’ wide, sun, medium water, rain garden, clay soil, Z4.
novae-angliae Native. New England aster. Native, violet – pink to white flowers, late summer – fall, 42” high x 36” wide, sun, zone 3.
novae-belgii ‘New York’ aster. Native, sprays of purple daisies, August – October, 3.5’ high, moist sun, zone 4
oblongifolium ‘October Skies’ Native, blue flowers, October, 15” high x 24” wide, dry, sun, zone 5.
‘Purple Dome’ Deep purple flowers, late summer-fall, 18” high x 18” wide, clay, sun, zone 3.

ASTEROMEA (Japanese False Aster) C, DR, RR

mongolica Small white flowers June-September. 2’-3’ high x 2’ wide. Easy care. Full – part sun, average to dry soils. Zone 4.

ASTRANTIA (Masterwort) C, P

major ‘Ruby Cloud’ Pink/red globe shaped flowers, May-July. 2.5’ high x 2.5’ wide. Sun to part shade, medium to moist water. Zone 4. Hummingbirds.
major ‘Sparkling Stars Red’ Deep red globe shaped flowers, May to August. 2’ high x 1.5’ wide. Part shade to sun, medium to moist. Zone 4. Hummingbirds.

AUBRIETA GC, P, DR, RR

leichtlinii ‘Cascade Blue’ Deep blue flowers, mid spring-early summer, rock garden, 6” high x 18” wide, sun, zone 4.

AURINIA (Basket of Gold) GC, P

saxatilis Yellow flowers, April – May, rock gardens, 12” high x 18” wide, sun, dry, zone 4

BAPTISIA (False Indigo) C, H, N, P, DR

australis Native, deep blue flowers, mid spring-early summer,4’ high x 4’ wide, sun, dry, drought tolerable, zone 3.
australis ‘Alba’ White Wild Indigo. Native, white spikes, April-May, 3’ high x 2.5’ wide. Dry-medium water, drought, poor soils. Sun-part shade. Z 5.
lactea Native, white flower spikes, May – July, 3’ high x 3’ wide, sun, dry, zone 3.
sphaerocarpa Native, yellow spikes, pea like flowers, May – June, 3’ high x 3’ wide, rain garden, sun, dry, zone 4.
tinctoria Native, yellow-cream spikes, butterflies, 2.5’ high x 2.5’ wide, sun, dry, zone 3.

BOLTONIA (False Aster) C, H, N, P, DR

asteroides Native, small white daisy flowers, August – September, 5.5’ high x 4’ wide, moist, sun, zone 3.

BRUNNERA (Siberian Bugloss) GC, DR

macrophylla ‘Jack Frost’ Sky blue forget-me-not like flowers in April-May. Deep green leaves have silver veining. Lights up a shady location. 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide. Part shade. Medium moisture. Excellent ground cover for shade. Zone 3.

CALAMINTHA F, GC, P

nepeta v. nepeta Lilac to white flowers, fragrant, June – September, 1.5’ high x 2’ wide, poor soils, sun, zone 5.

CALLICARPA (Beauty Berry) P

dichotoma Pink flowers, June-August, showy lilac fruit after, persisting into late fall, 4′ high x 2′ wide, sun-part shade, medium water, zone 5.

CALLIRHOE (Wine Cups) GC, N, P

involucrata Native, purple cup shaped flowers all summer, 12” high x 12” wide, sun part shade, dry soil, good for rock gardens, zone 4.

CALTHA (Marsh Marigold) GC, N, P, DR

palustris Native, yellow flowers, early spring, 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, rain garden, wet, sun part shade, zone 3.

CAMPANULA (Bellflower) C, GC, H, P, DR, RR

rotundifolia Native. Blue flowers, June to September. Self seeds. 18” high x 12” wide. Sun to part shade. Medium water. Zone 3.

CEANOTHUS (New Jersey Tea) C, F, N, P

americanus Native, white flower clusters, fragrant, sub shrub, May – July, 4’ high x 5’ wide, dry, sun, zone 4.

CENTAUREA (Cornflower) C, H, P, DR

dealbata Rosy pink flowers, butterflies, May – June, 2.5’ high x 2’ wide, easy care, dry, sun, zone 4.
montana Blue bachelor button, early summer, 18” high, self sows, sun part shade, zone 3.

CERASTIUM (Snow-in-summer) GC, DR

tomentossum ‘Yo Yo’ White flowers on silver ground cover, spring, 8” high, well drained soil, sun, zone 3.

CERATOSTIGMA (Leadwort) GC

plumbaginoides Deep blue flowers, July through September. Excellent groundcover. Leaves turn a deep red in fall while flowers are blooming. Late to emerge in spring, it makes a great cover for dying bulb foliage. 12” high x 18” wide. Sun to part shade. Medium water. Zone 5.

CHELONE (Turtlehead) C, N, P, DR

glabra Native, white flower sikes, late summer-fall, 2.5’ high x 2’ wide, moist soil, sun part shade, zone 4.
lyonii ‘Hot Lips’ Native selection, rose pink tube flowers, July – September, 3’ high x 2’ wide, medium wet soil, sun part shade, zone 3.
obliqua Native. Rosy purple flowers, July – September, 2′-3′ high, 1′-2′ wide. Tolerates erosion, clay soil, wet soil. Sun to part shade, zone 5.

CHRYSANTHEMUM C, H, P

x rubellum ‘Mary Stoker’ Apricot colored daisy-like flowers, mid-summer to late fall. Pinch plants in early June to increase branching and flowering. 2’ high x 2’ wide. Dry – medium water, sun, Zone 3.

CHRYSOGONUM (Goldenstar) GC, N, P

virginianum Woodland ground cover, golden flowers, May – June, 6” high x 18” wide, part shade, zone 4.

CIMICIFUGUA (now known as ‘Actaea’, see above)

CLEMATIS (Clematis) DR, NE

virginianum Fragrant white flowers, fall, vines 20’, medium water, sun to part shade, fast growing privacy vine, zone 3.

COMPTONIA (Sweet Fern) DR, F, NE, P, RR

peregrina Native. Tiny yellow green flowers April to May. Early season pollen for pollinators. Fragrant foliage. Grows in a variety of conditions, from drought to wet in various soils. Does best in well-drained soil. Does not transplant well. 4’ high x 4’ wide. Excellent for rain gardens. Sun to part shade. Zone 2.

CONOCLINIUM (Blue Mistflower) N, P

coelestinum Native. Periwinkle blue ageratum-like flowers July to October. 3’ high x 3’ wide’, sun to part shade. Prefers moist to wet soils. Cut back foliage in early June to prevent later flopping and increase number of blooms. Attractive to butterflies. Zone 5.

COREOPSIS (Tickseed) C, GC, P, DR

‘Jethro Tull’ Golden fluted petals, early-midsummer, 18” high x 18” wide, sun, zone 4.
lanceolata Native, Yellow flowers, May – July, 2’ high x 1.5’ wide, dry-average moisture, sun, zone 4.
tripteris Native, yellow flowers, July – September, on 5’-6’ stalks, dry, sun, zone 3.
verticillata ‘Zagreb’ Bright yellow flowers, early summer-fall, 18” high x 14” wide, sun, zone 3.

CORYDALIS (Yellow fumitory) P

CROCOSMIA (Montbretia) C

‘Lucifer’ Red orange flowers, mid-late summer. 3’ high x 1.5’ wide. Grows from corm. Deer resistant. Attracts hummingbirds and butterflies. Sun. Zone 5.

DALEA (Purple Prairie Clover) C, N, P

purpurea Native, rose-purple flowers, June – August, 2.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, dry, sun, zone 3.

DARMERA (Umbrella Plant) N

peltatum Native to northwest USA. White-pink foamy flowers on large stalks, May-June. 4’ high x 5’ wide. Pt shade-shade. Medium-wet soil. Rain garden. Zone 5.

DELPHINIUM (perennial larkspur) C, H, P, DR, R

exaltatum Native, deep blue flower spikes, July – September, sun, zone 5.

DIANTHUS (Pinks) C, F, GC, H, N, P, DR, RR

gratianopolitanus ‘Bath’s Pink’
gratianopolitanus ‘Fire Witch’ Hot pink flowers, fragrant, mid spring-summer, 10” high x 12” wide, well drained soil, sun, zone 3.
gratianopolitanus ‘Tiny Rubies’ Double flowers, late spring-early summer, 4” high x 9” wide, dry sun, zone 2

DICENTRA (Bleeding Heart) C, H, N, P, DR, RR

eximia Native. Rose pink to purplish red. April-July. 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide. Woodland, self seeds slowly, low maintenance, part shade, medium water, rabbit tolerant. Zone 3.
spectabilis Old fashioned bleeding heart from Gramma’s garden. Pink flowers, on extended spikes. Goes dormant in summer, plan other plants to go in front of it. 3’ high x up to 5’ wide at maturity. Easily divided in fall. Can tolerate some sun, prefers part shade. Zone 3.
spectabilis ‘Alba’ White bleeding heart flowers. Spring. 30″ high x 36″ wide, dormant foliage after July. Part shade. Zone 3.
spectabilis ‘Valentine’ Red flowers April- June, dormant foliage in summer. 3’ high x 3’ wide. Zone 3.

DICTAMNUS (Gas Plant) C, H, DR

albus ‘Albiflorus’ Pale pink flowers, May-June, attracts butterflies, 3’ high x 2.5’ wide. Seeds emit a gas which can be flammable if lit. Not advised. Sun, dry-medium water, well drained soil. Zone 3.
albus var. purpurea Pink flowers with dark veins, fragrant, May – June, 2.5’ high x 2.5’ wide, sun, zone 3.

DIGITALIS (Foxglove) C, DR, H, P

x mertonensis Coppery pink flower spikes. May to June. 3.5’ high x 2.5’ wide. Attracts hummingbirds. Sun to part shade. Average soils, zone 4.
grandiflorus Yellow flower spikes, mid summer, 30” high, moist soil, part shade, zone 3.

DODECATHON (Shooting Star) NE, P

meadia Native. Spring ephemeral, pink and white flowers April-May. Early pollinator food. 9″ high x 12″ wide, part shade, tolerates clay soil, zone 4.

ECHINACEA (Coneflower) C, F, H, N, P, RR

‘Cheyenne Spirit’ Multi-colored flowers in orange, white, and yellow. June-August. Sterile flowers, clay and poor soil, 2’ high x 2’ wide. Low maintenance, deer tolerant, sun-part shade. Average water, zone 3.
‘Green Twister’ Stunning pink-green flowers, midsummer-early fall, 36” high x 14” wide, sun part shade, zone 4.
‘Kim’s Knee High’ Clear pink flowers, June to August. Shorter native selection than purple coneflower. 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide. Fertile flowers feed pollinators. Sun-part shade. Clay, poor soils. Zone 3.
‘Magnus’ Native, rosy pink flowers, July – August, 3’ high x 1.5’ wide, dry, clay soil, sun, zone 3.
pallida Native, pale purple petals with brown cones, June – July, 3’ high x 1.5’ wide, butterflies, dry, sun, zone 3.
paradoxa Native, yellow flowers, June – August, 2.5’ high x 2’ wide, dry, clay soil, sun, zone 4.
‘Pow Wow White’ Large white flowers, midsummer-early fall, 23” high x 16” wide, compact, sterile, average soil, dry, zone 3.
‘Pow Wow Wildberry’ Sterile version of ‘Kim’s Knee High’. Same height, very floriferous. Purple flowers, early-late summer. 2’ high x 1.5’ wide. Low water. Clay soil, zone 4.
purpurea Native, pink flowers, midsummer, 30” high x 18” wide, sun, zone 3.
purpurea ‘White Swan’ Native selection. White ray flowers with copper colored cone, June – August, 24”-36” high, sun part shade, long lived, zone 4.
‘Ruby Star’ Tall selection of echinacea purpurea. Deep pink, June to August. 3’ high x 3’wide. Sun to part shade. Pollinators, clay soils, deer resistant. Zone 3.
‘Sombrero Orange’ Orange bronze flowers, early-late summer. Sterile. 18” high x 24” wide. Profusion of flowers, clay, poor soils. Dry-medium water. Sun, zone 4.
‘Sombrero Lemon Yellow’ Bright yellow flowers, sterile. Profusion of sterile flowers on short stems. 2’high x 2’ wide, clay, poor soils, zone 4.
‘Salsa Red’ Orange-red flowers, early-late summer, 24” high x 20” wide, dry, sun, zone 4.
tenneseeensis Native. Pink purple flowers, June to August, tolerates all soil types. While native to Tennessee, it is becoming rare and we grow it in the hope that we can help this native from becoming extinct. Sun to part shade, zone 4.

ECHINOPS (Globe Thistle) C, P, DR

ritro Blue globe-like flowers, July – September, 4’ high x 2.5’ wide, butterflies, dry, sun, zone 3.

EPILOBIUM DR, N, NE, RR

angustifolium Native. Recolonizes burn areas. Pink purple flower spikes, June-September, 3’ high x 3’ wide. Pollinators love these! Medium water, Zone 2.

EPIMEDIUM (Barrenwort, Bishop’s Hat, Fairy Wings) GC

grandiflorum ‘Lilafee’ lavender flowers, May. 1′-1.5′ high x 1.5′ wide, shade-part shade, dry-average, zone 4. Deer, rabbit, drought tolerant.
x warleyense ‘Orange Queen’ Orange and copper flowers, April-May. 1′ – 1.5′ high x 1.5′ wide, dry shade, zone 5.
x rubrum Crimson and yellow flowers, April-May, 1′ high x 1.5′ wide, dry shade to part shade, zone 5.

ERYNGIUM (Sea Holly) C, DR, N, RR

planum ‘Blue Glitter’ Periwinkle blue globe flowers, midsummer. Dry soils, well drained, 8” high x 12” wide. Cut flowers, sun, zone 4.
yuccifolium (Rattlesnake Master) Native, greenish-white flowers, thistle like, July – August, 4’ high x 1.5′ wide, dry, sun, zone 4.

EUPATORIUM (Joe Pye Weed) C, H, DR, N, P

dubium ‘Little Joe’ Mauve pink flowers, July – September. 3’ high x 3’ wide. Sterile but prized for its compact stature. Fragrant. Sun- part shade. Wet – medium. Deer tolerant. Zone 3.
maculatum Native, mauve flower clusters, July – September, 6’ high x 3’ wide, moist soil, rain gardens, pollinators, sun, zone 2.
maculatum ‘Gateway’ Native selection, more compact than species. Mauve pink flowers July-September. Medium to wet soils. Clay soils tolerant. Fertile and butterfly supportive. 4’ high x 4’ wide. Zone 4.
rugosum ‘Chocolate’ Native, white clusters of flowers, September – October, 3.5’ high, moist soil, sun, zone 4
perfoliatum Native, white flower clusters, July – September, medium – wet soil, rain gardens, wet lands, 5’ high x 4’ wide, sun, zone 4

EUPHORBIA (Cushion spurge) DR, RR, H

polychroma Mounding yellow flowers May- June. 2’ high x 3’ wide. Dry soil, well drained. Sun, rabbit, deer tolerant. Low maintenance. Zone 4.
polychroma ‘Bonfire’ Yellow-gold flowers over russet red foliage May-June. 1.5′ high x 3′ wide. Dry soil, full sun-part shade, zone 5.

FERNS

ADIANTUM (Northern Maidenhair Fern) C, N

pedatum Native. Fronds in a horizontal spray atop wiry black stems. Part shade to shade, 16”high, Zone 3.

ATHYRIUM (Lady Fern) N

filix-femina Native, finely dissected foliage, 2’ high x 2’ wide, part shade-shade, zone 3.
‘Pictum’ Colorful fern forms dense colonies, 18” high x 18” wide, woodlands, rich soil, part shade – shade, zone 3.

DENNSTAEDIA (Hay-Scented Fern) N

punctiloba Woodland natives grow in large drifts. Very fragrant. Yellow color in fall. 2’ high x 3 ‘ wide. Shade, poor soils, rocky, dry. Zone 3.

DRYOPTERIS (Wood Fern)

goldiana Native, golden tips, 4’ high x 6’ wide, moist-average soil, full-part shade, zone 3.
marginalis (Eastern Wood Fern) Native, 18” high x 18” wide, moist-average soil, part shade, zone 3.

MATTEUCIA (Ostrich Fern) N

struthiopteris Very large, rhizomatous, for the large landscape. Three to five feet high by 3 feet wide. Traditional species harvested for fiddleheads in spring. Part shade to shade. Zone 3.

ONOCLEA (Sensitive Fern) N

sensibilis Native, distinctive, coarsely lobed leaves of a slightly chartreuse color, 2’ high x 1’ wide, good for clay soils, sun-shade, zone 3.

OSMUNDA N RR

cinnamomea (Cinnamon Fern) Vase shaped fern with cinnamon colored spikes. Lush green color. 36” high by 24” wide. Humusy woodland soil, sun (keep well
regalis (Royal Fern) Lush, finely textured fern foliage. Red emerging, maturing to deep green. Water loving, humusy, woodland soil, 36” x 36”, Zone 3.

POLYSTICHUM (Christmas Fern) DR, RR, NE

acrostichoides Evergreen fern even north. Native to New England. Rocky soil, poor soil, 2’ high x 2’ wide, deer and rabbit resistant. Dry to medium water. Zone 3.

FILIPENDULA (Queen of the Prairie) DR, F, P

rubra ‘Venusta’ Native. Pink spike sprays of fragrant flowers, summer, pollinator supportive. 5’ high x 4’ wide, part shade, moist to average soil, deer and rabbit tolerant. Zone 3.
vulgaris ‘ hexipetala ‘ Fragrant white sprays of flowers, summer, moist- average soil, Low maintenance, 18” high x 18” wide, sun, deer resistant. Part shade. Zone 3.

FRAGARIA (Wild Strawberry) GC, NE, P

virginiana White flowers in May-October, becoming sweet red fruit after bloom. Larval host to butterflies. Spreading groundcover for sun and part shade. Good lawn substitute. Dry, zone 3.

GAILLARDIA (Blanket Flower) C, F, N, NE, P

aristata ‘Arizona Apricot’ Apricot and yellow flowers, summer-fall, 12” high x 12” wide, well drained soil, sun, zone 2.
‘Arizona Sun’ flowers with orange centers with yellow borders, May – August, 12” high x 18” wide, dry, sun, zone 4.

GALIUM (Sweet Woodruff) F, GC, P, DR

odoratum Fragrant white flowers, spring, 6” high x 12” wide, woodland ground cover, shade-part shade, zone 4.

GAURA (Lindheimer’s Beeblossom) C, N, P

lindheimer Native, white-pink flowers, August – October 3’ high x 2’ wide, well drained soil, dry, sun, zone 5.

GENTIANA (Gentian) C, P, DR

‘True Blue’ Brilliant blue tube shaped flowers bloom midsummer – early fall. Sun to part shade. Average water. Average to fertile soil. 24” high x 12” wide. Zone 4.
andrewsii Native, dark blue flowers, October, 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, moist soil, part shade, zone 3.

GERANIUM (Crane’s Bill) F, GC, P, DR, RR

macrorrhizum ‘Bevan’s Variety’ Deep magenta flowers, April – July, dry, sun, zone 3.
macrorrhizum ‘Ingwersen’s Variety’ Pale pink flowers May – June. Dry to medium water. Sun to part shade. Aromatic leaves. Dense mounding habit. 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide.
maculatum Native, pink-lilac flowers, April – May, 2.5’ high x 1.5 wide, butterflies, drought tolerance, sun part shade, zone 3.
sanguineum ‘Max Frei’ Neat clump of mounded foliage with a profusion of bright pink saucer shaped flowers in summer. Great border plant. Foliage turns red in fall. Low maintenance. Well drained soils. Sun to part shade. 1’ high x 2’ wide. Zone 3.
‘Rozanne’ Long blooming violet blue flowers over compact foliage blooms summer to fall. Foliage is marbled with chartreuse. Average water, grows in most soil types, and is low maintenance. Sun to part shade. 18” high x 36” wide. Zone 5.
x cantabriense ‘Biokova’ Very pale pink flowers, June – July,12” high x 12” wide, butterflies, average-moist soil, sun- part shade, zone 4.
x cantabriense ‘Karmina’ Red flowers, May – June, 12” high x 12” wide, butterflies, average-moist soil, sun-part shade zone 4.
x cantabriense ‘St. Ola’ White flowers on fragrant foliage, June – July. Full sun – part shade. Average soil water, most soil types. 1.5’ high x 2’ wide. Zone 4.

GEUM (Avens) P, DR

‘Blazing Sunset’ (‘Fiery Red’) Large scarlet red flowers in late spring to midsummer. After blooming, the foliage stays lush and green. Sun to part shade. Average and consistent water needs. Average to fertile soil. 24” high x 18” wide.
fragariodes Native, yellow flowers, April – May, 6” high x 12” wide, groundcover, sun-part shade, average water, zone 4.
‘Totally Tangerine’ orange flowers, early – late summer, 30” high x 15” wide, sun-part shade, zone 4.
triflorum Native, reddish purple flowers, May – June, 18” high x 18” wide, well drained soil, easy car, dry, sun, zone 3.

GRASSES

ANDROPOGON (Big Bluestem) DR, N

gerardii Native, big bluestem, blades turn red after first frost, 5-8’ high x 2’ wide, any soil, sun, zone 3.

BOUTELOUA (Blue grama grass, mosquito grass) N

gracilis ‘Blonde Ambition’ Horizontal chartreuse florets, June – August, 2.5’ high x 1.5’ high, dry, sun, zone 3.

CALAMAGROSTIS (Feather Reed Grass)

x acutiflora ‘Karl Forester’ Green, upright, flowers late spring, cool season, 6’ high x 2’ wide, dry-moist soil, sun, zone 4.

CAREX (Sedge) DR

albicans (White Tinged Sedge) Native, clump forming, 1′-1.5′ high x 1′ x 1.5′ wide. Dry areas, upland forests. Part shade to shade, zone 4.
amphibola (Creek Sedge) DR, Native, compact semi-erect mound, florets in spring, 12” high x 12” wide, moist soil, full shade, zone 3.
appalachica (Appalachian Sedge) DR, Native, dense mounding, fine leaved, 6” high x 16” wide, excellent for mass planting, dry, shade, zone 3.
morrowi ‘Ice Dance’ DR Bright leaves for shady areas, 14” high x 16” wide, part shade-shade, zone 4.
pensylvanica Native, mounding ground cover, 12” high x 12” wide, low maintenance, dry, part shade-shade, zone 3.
rosa ‘Rosy Sedge’ Native, 12” high mound, woodland, wet—dry soil, part shade, zone 4.
vulpinoides ‘Fox Sedge’ Native, sedge for moist areas, 3’ high x 2’ wide, florets May – June, rain gardens, sun-part shade, zone 3.
woodii (Wood’s Sedge) Native, low and slow growing, fine texture, 14″ high x 36″ wide. Shade to sun, can be mowed to 4″. Zone 4.

CHASMANTHIUM (Northern Sea Oats) N

latifolium Native, attractive florets, August – September, 4’ high x 2.5’ wide, moist-average soil, sun, zone 3.

DESCHAMPSIA (Tufted Hair Grass) N

caespitosa Native, upright tufts bloom July-September, 3′ high x 3′ wide. Birds love to feast on the seeds. Part shade, zone 4.

caespitosa ‘Goldtau’ clump with chartreuse florets, summer-fall color, 2’ high x 2’ wide, easy care, sun-part shade, zone 3.

HAKONECHLOA (Hakone Grass) DR

macra ‘All Gold’ arcing leaves of chartreuse, 14” high x 18” wide, slow glowing, part shade-shade, zone 5.
macra ‘Aureola’ (Japanese Forest Grass)

HIERACHLOE (Sweet Grass) DR, N, NE

odorata Aromatic cool season grass. Used in making sweetgrass braids, erosion stabilizer, rain gardens, 2′ high x 2′ wide. Sun, zone 4.

JUNCUS (Rush) N

effusus Native, showy florets June – August, 3’ high, rain gardens, wetlands, bank control, sun, zone 4.

KOELERIA (June Grass) N

macrantha Native, clump form, florets May – June, 2’ high x 1’ wide, cold season, dry, sun, zone 3.

MISCANTHUS (Chinese Silver Grass, Eulalia Grass, Japanese Silver Grass) C, DR, RR

sinensis ‘Purpurascens’ Orange-red foliage in fall, red tinged blooms, 4-5’ high x 2-3’ wide, dry-medium water, sun, zone 4.
sinensis ‘Strictus’ Porcupine Grass. Striped leaves. 7’ high x 6’ wide. Must have full sun or flops. Great for summer screening. Do not cut back until late winter. Zone

MOLLINIA (Purple Moor Grass) C, DR, RR

caerulea ‘Moorhexe’ Clump forming, 18” high x 18” wide. Growing to 3’ high during late summer bloom time. Spikes of brown make an attractive background for 18” high fall blooming flowers. Tidy form. Cut back in late winter. Sun. Russet gold in fall. Zone 4.
caerulea ‘Skyracer’ Blooms are purple July to September, 6′ high x 4′ wide, good for rain gardens and wet areas. Cut back in late fall. Sun, zone 5.

PANICUM (Switch Grass) N

virgatum ‘Heavy Metal’ Stiffly upright metallic blue foliage, 36”-48” high, well drained soil, sun, zone 3.
virgatum Native, florets July – February, 3’-6’ high x 2’-3’ wide, raingarden, clay, sun, zone 4.
virgatum ‘Shenandoah’ Native, red pink inflorescences July – February, burgundy blade tips in fall, 3’-4’ high x 3’-4’ wide, sun, zone 4.

SCHIZACHYRIUM (Little Bluestem) DR, N

scoparium Native, fall color, 4’ high x 2’ wide, seeds for birds in fall, dry, sun, zone 3.
scoparium ‘Standing Ovation’ Native, bluish leaves with burgundy in fall, 3’-4’ high x 2’ wide, tolerates moist soils, sun, zone 3.

SORGHASTRUM (Indian Grass) N

nutans Native, fall color, 4’ high x 2’ wide, florets have seeds for birds, grows in poor soils, sun, zone 4.

SPOROBOLUS (Prairie Dropseed) DR, N

heterolepis Native, delicate mounds, 3’ high x 3’ wide, pinkish florets, August – October, dry, sun, zone 4.

HELENIUM (Helen’s Flower, Sneezeweed) C, H, N, P, DR

autummnale Native, yellow ray flowers, August – October, 4’ high x 2.5’ wide, butterflies, rain gardens, sun, zone 3.

HELIANTHUS (Perennial Sunflower) C, N, P, DR

divaricatus Native, yellow daisy-like flowers mid-summer to fall. Larval host to checkerspot butterflies. 4′-6′ high x 2′ wide, part sun, dry, zone 3.
‘Lemon Queen’ Native selection, profuse yellow daisy flowers, midsummer early fall, 6’ high x 6’ wide, average soil, sun, zone 4.
maximiliana Native. Yellow daisy like flowers, August to September. 7′ high x 3′ wide, tolerates dry-wet, larval host to the Border Patch butterfly. Sun, zone 3.

HELIOPSIS (Oxeye Sunflower) C, P

helianthoides ‘Summer Sun’ Orange-yellow flowers, June – August, 4’ high x 3’ wide, butterflies, dry, sun, zone 3.

HEMEROCALLIS (Day Lily) C, F, GC, H, RR, RAIN GARDEN

‘Happy Returns’ Lemon yellow flowers, fragrant, June – October, 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, sun-part shade, zone 3.
‘Hyperion’ yellow fragrant flowers, July, 3’ high x 3’ wide, sun-part shade, zone 3.
‘Rosy Returns’ Reblooming rose flowers, dwarf, May – September, 18” high x 18” wide, sun, zone 3.
‘Ruby Spider’ 9″ wide ruby red flowers with golden throat, June, 34″ high x 24″ wide. Sun- part shade, zone 3.
‘Stella d’Oro’ Golden yellow flowers, fragrant, May – August, 1’ high x 1’ wide, medium water, zone 3.

HEPATICA (Liver Leaf) N, NE, P

americana Early spring ephemeral. Early source of food for pollinators. Lavenders, white, or pink flowers. April to mid May. Plants will go dormant after May. 6” high x 6” wide. Woodlands, shade, medium to dry. Zone 3.

HEUCHERA (Alum Root, Coral Bells) C, GC, P, DR

americana Native, white flower spikes, June – August, 2’ high x 1.5’ wide, sun-part shade, zone 4.
‘Autumn Bride’ Fuzzy lime green foliage with spikes of white flowers, September – October, dry, shade, zone 3.
‘Bronze Wave’ Native, cream colored flowers, late June – August, 2’ high x 2’ wide, shade part sun, zone 3.
‘Caramel’ Light pink flowers on spikes, June-July. Caramel and green colored leaves. 1.5’ high x 2’ wide. Well drained soil. Zone 4.
‘Citronelle’ Bright chartreuse leaves with cream spikes, June – July, 1’ high x 1.5’ wide, part shade, well drained soil, zone 4.
‘Plum Pudding’ Deep purple leaves with white flower, June-July. 2’ high x 1.5’ wide. Part shade, best. Well drained soil, average moisture. Hardy older variety. Zone 4.
‘Ruby Bells’ Ruby red flowers, early-midsummer, 24” high x 18” wide, part shade, sun if moist, zone 3. Attracts hummingbirds!
‘Silver Scrolls’ Silver leaves in the spring, silver with purple veining in fall, white flowers, 12” high, x 20” wide, part shade-shade, zone 4.

HIBISCUS (Rose Mallow) P, DR

‘Dark Mystery’ Bush hibiscus. Pink flower with red eye, mid-summer to early fall. Sterile flowers. Purplish-wine colored foliage. 5’ high x 5’ wide. Average to moist soils. Sun. Zone 4.
moscheutos Native, white pink flowers, July – September, 3’-6’ high x 2’-4’ wide, moist wet soil, sun, zone 5. Very pollinator friendly.
‘Summer In Paradise’ Cerise red, large flowers, mid summer to early fall. Sterile flowers. 5’ high x 5’ wide. Average to moist. Sun, zone 4.

HOSTA (Plantain Lily) C, F, GC, P

‘Blue Mouse Ears’ A mini hosta, perfect for containers or interest in the front of a border. Lavender flowers July-August. Blue green leaves. 9” high x 9” wide. Shade to part shade. Average water. Zone 4.
‘Empress Wu’ One of the largest of the hostas! Huge deep green leaves. Growing to 5’ high x 7’ wide. Pale lavender flowers July- August. Average water, low maintenance. Shade to part shade. Zone 4.
‘Guacamole’ Apple green leaves with dark margin, fragrant white flowers, 22” high x 38” wide, sun-shade, zone 3.
‘June’ Cream colored streaked centers with green edging. Stunning. Thick leaves make this slug resistant. Pale lavender flowers, mid summer. 16” high x 36” wide. Perfect coloring comes when sited in morning sun and afternoon shade. Zone 4.
‘Maui Buttercups’ Corrugated and cupped leaves, lavender flowers, 10” high x 14” wide, part shade, zone 3.
‘Sagae’ Another classic hosta variety used frequently in professional landscaping. Large, with corrugated, snail resistant leaves, green centers with gold edges. Large lavender flowers on 36” scapes mid summer. 28” high x 54” wide. Part to full shade. Zone 4.
‘Sum and Substance’ A large classic hosta for sun to part shade conditions. Yellow hostas can tolerate sunny conditions and ‘Sum and Substance’ is no exception. 4’ high x 6’ wide. Very large, 16” wide leaves. Corrugated leaves are slug resistant. Pale lavender flowers, mid summer. Average water, sun for yellow leaves, part shade for chartreuse leaves. Average water. Zone 3.

HYPERICUM (St. John’s Wort) N NE

pyramidatum Bright yellow flowers, July to August. Well loved by bees. 4’ high x 3’ wide. July-August. Low maintenance. Average water. Zone 4.

HYSSOPUS (Hyssop) C, F, GC, H, P, DR

officianalis Bright purple blue flower spikes. Fragrant. Blooms June to September. Well drained soil, rock garden. Heirloom herb. Low growing, 2’ high x 1’5 wide. Deer resistant. Full sun, dry, well drained. Zone 4.

IBERIS (Candytuft) GC, DR

sempervirens ‘Purity ’ White clusters of flowers, mid-late spring, 4” high x 12” wide, groundver, rock garden, well drained soil, sun, zone 3.

IRIS C, F, H, P, RR

cristata Native, blue purple flowers, May – June, 6” high x 9” wide, part sun, zone 3.
versicolor Native, blue flowers, 30” high x 24” wide, rain garden, moist soil, sun, zone 4.

KIRENGESHOMA (Yellow Wax Bells) DR

koreana Yellow tubular flowers, July – September, 4’ high x 3’ wide, acidic soil, shade-part shade, zone 4.

KNAUTIA (Knautia) C, P

macedonica ‘Mars Midget’ Burgundy flowers, July to September. 2’ high x 2’ wide. Reseeds. Sun. Good dried. Sun, average water. Zone 4.

LAVANDULA (Lavender) C, F, H, P, DR

‘Phenomenal’ Lavender spikes, very fragrant, summer, 24” high x 26” wide, very cold hardy, dry, sun, zone 4.

LEONTOPODIUM (Edelweiss) GC

alpinum White flowers, July – September, 8” high x 9” wide, gritty soil, dry, sun, zone 4.

LESPEDEZA (Bush Clover) P

thunbergia ‘Gibraltar’ Rose purple pea flowers, fall, 5’ high x 5’ wide shrub, butterflies, medium water, sun, zone 5. Sprouts from the crown in spring.

LEUCANTHEMUM (Daisy) C, H, P, DR

x superbum ‘Becky’ white flowers with yellow center, July – September, 3.5” high x 2.5’

LEWISIA (Bitter Root) GC, N, P

cotyledon Native, mix of pink, rose, salmon flowers, late spring-midsummer, 6” high x 6” wide, rock garden, dry well drained soil. Rock garden, sun, zone 3.

LIATRIS (Gayfeather) C, N, NE, P, DR

aspera Lavender blooms late summer. 2’ high x 2’ wide. August to September. Zigzag placement on stalk. Sandy to other well drained soil. Dry. Zone 3.
ligulistylis Native, large purple flowers on long spikes, summer-fall, 42” high x 18” wide, sun, zone 4.
microcephala Small rosy purple flower heads September to August. Tolerates dry to medium water. Sun to part shade. 2’ high x 1’ wide. Lean soil. Zone 4.
spicata Red purple flower spikes, July through August. 3’ high x 1.5’ wide. Medium water, rain garden, sun, Zone 4.

LIGULARIA (Leopard Plant) P, DR

‘Britt Marie Crawford’ Yellow orange daisy like flowers blooming in shade in August. Lights up the late summer shady garden. 3.5’ high x 3’ wide. Part shade to shade. Zone 4.
‘Desdemona’ Gold daisy like flowers, July – August, 3’ high x 3’ wide, moist, part shade, zone 4.
‘Othello’ Yellow orange flowers July-August. 2.5′ high x 2′ wide. Medium to wet soil. Good for shady rain gardens. Shade to part
shade. Zone 3.
stenocephala ‘The Rocket’ Thick large spikes of yellow flowers June to July. 4’ high by 3’ wide. Average water to moist. Part shade to shade. Zone 4.

LILIUM C, F, H, P

lancifolium ‘Flore Pleno’ Orange flowers with dark specks, July – August, 4’-5’ high, butterflies, dry, sun, zone 4.
philadelphicum Native. Bright orange flowers July-August. Produces huge amounts of nectar and pollen. 1′-2′ high, sun to part shade. Open woodlands and prairies. Zone 4.

LIMONIUM (Sea Lavender) C, H, P, DR

latifolium Light blue flowers, mid-late summer, 2’ high x 2’ wide, well drained soil, dry, sun, zone 2.

LINUM (Flax) P

lewisii Sky blue flowers, May – June, 2’ high x 1.5’ wide, well drained soil, sun, zone 5. Native to western North America.

LOBELIA (Cardinal Flower) C, N, P, DR

cardinalis ‘Black Truffle’ Dark purple leaves. Native, red flowers, produces nectar and pollen, summer, 3.5’ high x 2.5’ wide, moist average soil, sun part shade, zone 5.
cardinalis Native, red flower spikes, late summer-early fall, 3’ high x 1.5’ wide, moist soil, full sun, zone 3.
siphilitica Native, blue flowers, July – September, 3’ high x 1.5’ wide, well drained soil, sun-part shade, zone 4.

LONICERA (Honeysuckle) F, N, P, DR

sempervirens (Woodbine) Native. Coral and yellow tubular flowers attract hummingbirds. Blooms April through June. Vines up to 20′. Sun, rich soils. Fruits attract birds. Larval host for Snowberry Clearwing moth and Spring Azure. Zone 4.
sempervirens ‘Major Wheeler’ Native vine, red tubular flowers, late spring-late summer, 10’ high x 10’ wide, sun-part shade, zone 4.
‘John Clayton’ Yellow tubular flowers May-June. Attracts hummingbirds. Vining, 12’ high, 5’ wide. Sun, low maintenance, average water. Zone 4.

LUPINUS (Lupine) C, H, N, P, DR

perennis Native, lavender flowers, April – July, 2’ high x 1’ wide, sandy soil, zone 3. Host of the endangered Karner Blue Butterfly. Needs sandy soils. Its taproot cannot tolerate excessive moisture. No compost. Native to sandy soils. Sun, zone 4.
‘The Governor’ Bluish and white flowers, bee friendly. Fragrant. 3.5’ high x 1.5’ wide. Reseeds. Sun, Z4. This variety grows in the Vermont median strip on I-89, blooming in June.

LYCHNIS (Maltese Cross, Rose Campion) C, H, DR

coronaria ‘Astrosanguinea’ Magenta flowers, June – August, 24” high x 18” wide, butterflies, sun-part shade, zone 3.
‘Petit Henry’ Shaggy white flowers, late spring-early fall, 20” high x 20’ wide, sun-part shade, zone 5.
‘Petit Jenny’ Shaggy pink flowers, late spring-early fall, 20” high x 20” wide, sun-part shade, zone 5.

MAIANTHEMUM (False Solomon’a Seal) NE, P

racemosa Now known by its new genus Maianthemum. Foamy flowers May to June. Inedible red berries form after bloom. Medium water, part shade to shade. Humusy, woodland soil. 3’ high x 2’ wide. Woodland garden. Zone 4.

MAZUS (Cupflower) GC

reptans Low growing ground cover. 2” tall, dense attractive foliage, purple flowers, June to July, 1’ spread. Average, rock gardens. Tolerates moist soils. Good between stones in a moist area. Sun-pt shade. Zone 4.

MEEHANIA (Meehan’s Mint) GC, N, DR, RR

cordata Native Lavender blue flowers, May-June. 6″ high x 18″ wide. Medium water, part shade to shade. Zone 4.

MERTENSIA (Bluebells) C, NE, P

virginica Native. Spring ephemeral. Bell shaped blue tubular flowers, May to June. 2.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, part shade to shade. Average water. Early food for pollinators. Zone 4.

MIMULUS (Allegheny Monkey Flower) N, NE, P, DR, RR

ringens Lilac purple flowers bloom June to September. Occurs in moist areas like stream banks, pond edges and wet meadows. Sun to part shade. Moist to wet soils. 3’ high x 1’wide. Low maintenance. Zone 3.

MONARDA (Bee Balm, Wild Bergamot) C, F, H, N, P, DR

‘Bradburiana’ Native, pink-white flowers, May – June,2’ high x 2’ wide, dry, sun-part shade, zone 4.
didyma Native to New England. Red tubular flowers attract hummingbirds. Blooms July to August. 3′- 4′ high x 2′ -3′ wide. Sun to part shade. Medium to wet water. Zone 4.
didyma ‘Jacob Cline’ Large red flowers, early summer-early fall, 4’ high x 2’ wide, sun, zone 4.
didyma ‘Raspberry Wine’ Magenta flowers, July to August. 3′ high x 3′ wide. Sun to part shade. Medium to wet conditions. Attracts hummingbirds. Zone 4.
fistulosa Native, pink-lavender flowers, July – September, sun-part shade, zone 3.
fistulosa ‘Claire Grace’ Native, red-yellow flowers, April – May, 2.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, sun-part shade, zone 3.
fistulosa ‘Purple Rooster’ Native selection, purple flowers, mid-late summer, 36” high x 26” wide, butterflies, dry, sun, zone 4.
punctata Native, white flowers with purple spots, June – July, 2’ high x 1’ wide, sandy dry soil, sun, zone 3.

MUKDENIA GC, DR

rossii ‘Karasuba’ Crimson Fans White flower spikes in spring, leaves red edged in fall, 12” high x 12” wide, average water, part shade, zone 4.

NEPETA (Catmint) F, GC, P, DR, RR

racemosa ‘Blue Wonder’ Clusters of dark blue flowers, May – September,12” high x 12” wide, average water, dry, sun, zone 3.
‘Early Bird’ Purple blue flowers, April – September, 16” high x 16” wide, dry, sun, zone 3.
‘Walker’s Low’ Lavender blue flowers, April – September, 2.5’ high x 3’ wide, dry, sun, zone 4.

OENOTHERA (Evening Primrose) C, H, N, P, DR

fruticosa Native, large yellow flowers, late spring-early summer, dry, sun, zone 4.
macrocarpa Native, yellow cup shaped flowers, May – August, 1’ high x 1.5’ wide, dry, sun, zone 3.

OPUNTIA (Eastern Prickly Pear) GC, N, P, DR, RR

humifusa Native, yellow flowers with red fruit, June – July, dry, sun, zone 3.

PACKERA (Ragwort) GC, N

aurea Native, yellow flowers, April, early food supply for bees. 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, tolerates wet soil, sun, zone 3.
obovata Native, yellow daisy-like flowers April to June. 1.5′ high x 1′ wide. Medium to wet. Sun to part shade. Excellent for rain garden. Attracts butterflies. Zone 3.

PAEONIA (Peony) C, F, H, P, DR, RR

Peonies are very deer resistant. Newly planted peonies take about 3 seasons to fully bloom. Very easy to grow. Sun. Hardy to zone 3.

‘Bowl Of Beauty’ Pink single petals around creamy center, fragrant, early season sun, zone 3.
‘Buckeye Belle’ Burgundy flower, late spring to early summer. Low maintenance, Zone 3.
‘Coral Charm’ Warm coral peach tones in rose shaped bloom, semi double, late summer, zone 3.
‘Coral Sunset’ Semi-double blooms are salmon colored. Early season. 32″ high. Zone 3.
‘Honey Gold’ Bright yellow guard petals surrounded by cream petals. Late spring to early summer. 30” high x 24” wide. Zone 3.
‘Jacorma’ Double medium pink flowers. One of the latest to bloom, mid-June. Very fragrant. 34” high. Zone 3.
‘Kansas’ Red, double flower, mid-season. Fragrant. 36″ high. Zone 3.
‘Moonstone’ Pink blush double flower, mid- to late season. 36″ high. Zone 3.
‘Pink Hawaiian Coral’ Fragrant deep coal semi-double flower, 36” high, average soil, sun, zone 2.
‘Pink Parfait’ Bright pink, double, late season bloomer. 36″ high.
‘Raspberry Sundae’ Pink, double, fragrant. Flowers look like raspberry topping poured over vanilla ice cream. Mid-season, 36″ high.
‘Sarah Bernhardt’ Fragrant, large double rose pink blooms, late season, 24”-30” high, sun, zone 2.
‘Scarlett O’ Hara’ Fiery red single bloom, early season, 36” high, average soil, sun, zone 2.
‘Shirley Temple’ Very pale pink double flowers, nearly white. Very fragrant and large blooms. Mid peony season in late spring to early summer. 3’ high x 3’ wide. Zone 3.
‘Sorbet’ Layers of pink and creamy white and pink petals from top to bottom, like a sorbet. Very fragrant. Mid peony season, late spring to early summer. 3’ high x 3’ wide. Zone 3.

PAPAVER (Oriental Poppy) C, DR, H, P, RR

orientalis ‘Beauty of Livermere’ Large bright red flowers in late spring to early summer. Dry soils. Attractive seed heads. Foliage goes dormant in mid summer, so plant a later blooming perennial near them. Foliage reappears in early fall. Easy to grow. All soil types. 32” high x 24”wide. Full sun. Zone 3.
orientalis ‘Prince of Orange’ Large tangerine colored flowers, late spring to early summer. 30” high x 30” wide. Cultural information above.
orientalis ‘Patty’s Plum’ Large plum colored flowers, crepey textured. Blooms June-July. 2.5’ high x 2’ wide. Cultural information above.
orientalis ‘Royal Wedding’ Large pure white flowers in late spring to early summer. 3’ high x 2’ wide. Cultural information above.

PARTHENIUM (Wild Quinine) C, H, NE, P

integrifolium Native. White flower clusters, May to August. 3′ high x 2′ wide. Dry to medium water. Tolerates drought, erosion, most soil types. Sun. Zone 4.

PENSTEMON (Beardtongue) C, DR, N, P, RR

digitalis ‘Blackbeard’ lilac flowers over deep purple stems, early-midsummer, 28” high x 24” wide, average wet, sun, zone 3.
digitalis Native, white tubular flowers, April – June, 3’-5’ high, butterflies, dry, sun, zone 3.
digitalis ‘Husker Red’ Native, red foliage with white flowers, summer, 30” high x 24” wide, average soil, sun, zone 3.
grandiflorus Large tubular pinkish blue flowers, May-June. Blue-green leaves. 4’ high x 2’ wide. Sun, sandy well drained soils. Host plant for the Arachne and the Chalcedonic Checkerspots. Zone 3.
hirsutus Native Lavender tubular flowers, May-June. Sun-part shade. Attracts hummingbirds, butterflies and bees. Hairy foliage. 18″ high x 12″ wide, zone 4.
strictus Native, deep blue spikes, late spring – early summer, 30” high x 36” wide, dry, sun, zone 4.

PEROVSKIA (Russian Sage) C, DR, F, P, RR

atriplicifolia Long lavender spikes July to October. Fragrant foliage and flower. Foliage is silver and upright. Prefers hot dry sites with excellent drainage. 4’ high x 4’ wide. Great for the back of the perennial bed. Sun, zone 5.
atriplicifolia ‘Little Spire’ More compact version of the straight species. Violet blue flower blooms June-frost. 2’ high x 2’ wide. Dry, sun, well drained soil. Zone 4.

PERSICARIA (Mountain Fleece) DR, P, RR

amplexicaulis ‘Firetail Red flower spikes, June – October, 3.5’ high x 3.5’ wide, rain garden, sun-part shade, zone 4.
‘Dimity’ Fragrant light pink flower spikes, late spring-midsummer, 12” high x 18” wide, dry, sun-part shade, zone 4.

PHLOMIS C, DR, F, P, RR

cashmeriana (Kashmir Sage) Lavender-pink flower spires, late spring-summer, 20” high x 18” wide, dry, sun-part shade, zone 5.
russeliana (Turkish Sage) Pale yellow clusters, June – September, 2.5’ high x 2’ wide, dry, sun, zone 5.
tuberosa Lilac mint-like flowers, June – July, 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, shade-part shade, zone 5.

PHLOX C, DR, F, H, N, P

divaricata Native, lavender blue flowers, mid-spring, 1’ high, spreading slow, ground cover, shade-part shade, zone 3.
divaricata ‘Blue Moon’ Native, blue flowers, April-May 1’ high x 1’ wide, compact foilage, moist-average soil, full-part shade, zone 4.
divaricata ‘May Breeze’ Native, abundant white flowers, April – May, 16” high x 24” wide, part shade, woodland, zone 4.
glabberima ‘Morris Berd’ Pink flowers, late-spring summer, 18” high x 18” wide, butterflies, sun-part shade, zone 3.
paniculata ‘Jeana’ Native, pink flowers, midsummer-early fall, 4.5’ high x 3’ wide, average-moist soil, sun-part shade, zone 3.
stolonifera ‘Sherwood Purple’ Native, fragrant purple flowers, mid-late spring, 8” high x 12” wide, part shade-shade, zone 2.
subulata ‘Emerald Blue’ Lavender blue flowers, late spring, 6” high x 15” wide, gritty soil, sun, zone 2.
subulata ‘Red Wing’ Bright crimson flowers, dark red centers, late spring, ground cover, sun, zone 2.
subulata White Delight’ Large white flowers blanket the foliage in spring. 6” high x 15” wide. Sun. Low to average water needs. Zone 2.

PHYSOSTEGIA (Obedient Plant) C, N, P, DR, RR

virginiana Native Pale pink tubular flowers, August to November. Up to 4′ high. Sun to part shade, moist soils. Rich humus soils. Attracts hummingbirds and butterflies. Zone 3.
virginiana ‘Miss Manners’ Native, white spikes, summer, 12” high x 12” wide, average-wet soil, sun, zone 3.
virginiana ‘Vivid’ Native, pink spikes, June – September, 2.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, rain garden, easy care, sun, zone 3.

PLATYCODON (Balloon Flower) C, H

grandiflorus ‘Fuji Blue’ Deep blue flowers budding like balloons before opening into trumpet shaped flowers. Mid-summer to early fall. Deadheading keeps flowers coming. Well drained yet moist soil. Sun to part shade. Low maintenance, bright yellow leaves in fall. 2’ high by 1.5’ wide. Zone 3. Slow to emerge in spring.

PODOPHYLLUM (May Apple) N

peltatum Native, white flowers, April, 18” high, golden fruit, dormant in summer, part shade-shade, zone 3.

POLEMONIUM (Jacob’s Ladder) N, DR, RR

reptans Native, blue flowers, April – June, 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, reseeds, sun-part shade, zone 3.
reptans ‘Purple Rain’ Blue-purple flowers, late spring-early summer, 20” high x 18” wide, average soil, sun-part shade, zone 4.

POLYGONATUM (Solomon’s Seal) N, NE

biflorum Native, greenish white bell flowers, April – May, 3’ high x 1.5’ wide, average-moist soil, shade, zone 3.
biflorum var. ‘Commutatum’ Greenish white, bell shaped flowers dangle down from underneath the leaves from May to June. They are followed by inedible blue black berries. Part shade to shade. Medium to wet soil. 3’ to 7’ high x 3’-4’ wide. Zone 3.
hirtum Compact solomon’s seal. Non-native. White bell flowers under branches, dangle down from short stems May to June. Part shade to shade. Medium to wet soil. 15” high x 12” wide. Zone 5.
odoratum ‘Variegatum’ Green leaves with white, gold in fall, white flowers in spring, 24” high x 20” wide, woodland, shade-pat shade, zone 3.

PORTERANTHUS (formerly Gillenia, Bowerman’s Root) N, DR, RR

trifoliatus Native, white star shaped flowers, fall color, May – July, 3’ high x 2’ wide, sun-part shade, zone 4.

POTENTILLA (Scarlet Cinquefoil) DR, RR

thurberi ‘Monarch’s Velvet’ Deep red 5 petal flowers in June to August. Full sun to part shade. Medium water. Most soil types. 24” high x 14” wide. Zone 4.

PRIMULA (Primrose)

beesiana Rose-purple flowers, late spring-midsummer, 2’ high x 1’ wide, moist, rich clay soil, sun, zone 4.
denticulata Purple, blue, or white flowers, spring, 8” high x 8” wide, moist soil, part shade, zone 2.
japonica mix White, pink, purples, red flowers, late spring-early summer, 24” high x 12” wide, moist soil, sun-part shade, zone 2.
x bullesiana Orange, red, purples, rose flowers, June – July, 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, wet moist soil, part-full shade, zone 4.
veris Cowslip. Yellow flowers April to May. Part shade, medium water, low maintenance. 9” high x 6” wide. Zone 3.

PULMONARIA (Pulmonaria) DR, RR

longifolia ‘Bertram Anderson’ Bright blue profuse clusters of flowers in spring emerging from pink buds in April to May. White spotted leaves light up shady areas all season. Part shade to shade. Do not let dry out. 1’ high x 2’ wide. Can be planted under black walnuts. Zone 3.

PULSATILLA (Pasque Flower) DR, RR

vulgaris Pale or dark violet flowers, April – May, 2’ high x 1’ wide, water medium, full sun-part shade, zone 4.

PYCNANTHEMUM (Mountain Mint) DR, F, N, P, RR

muticum Pale pink flowers July to September. Fragrant flowers and leaves. Sun to part shade. Pollinator magnet! Vigorous grower, though not aggressive like other mints. Medium water. 3’ high x 3’ wide. Low maintenance. Zone 4.

RATIBIDA (Mexican Hat Plant) C, N, P

columnifera ‘Red Midget’ Native prairie plant. Yellow edged red petals with a prominent cone. Late summer to early fall. Butterflies utilize nectar from cones. Birds eat seeds after blooms die back. Average to dry. Lean soils. 15” high x 30” wide. Sun to part shade. Zone 3.
pinnata Native, yellow ray flowers with gray cone, June – August, 4’ high x 2’ wide, butterflies, clay, drought tolerance, sun, zone 3.

RODGERSIA (Rodger’s Flower) F

aesculifolia White flowers, midsummer, 36” high, moist soil, sun-part shade, zone 4.
pinnata ‘Chocolate Wings’ Deep pink flowers, dark purple-brown leaves in spring, green to bronze and burgundy in fall, June – July, 3’ high x 3’ wide, medium-wet soil, full sun-part shade, zone4.

RUDBECKIA (Orange Coneflower, Black-Eyed Susan) C, F, DR, RR, N, P

fulgida var. fulgida Native, long blooming gold daisy flowers, late summer-fall, 30” high x 24” wide, medium-dry soil, sun, zone 4.
fulgida ‘Goldsturm’ Native, large golden flowers with brown centers, late summer-midfall, 24” high x 24” wide, average soil, sun, zone 4.
fulgida ‘Little Goldstar’ Star shaped golden yellow flowers, midsummer, late summer, early fall, 16” high x 16” wide, average soil, sun-part shade, zone 4.
hirta Native, yellow rays with brown cone, July – September, 2’ high x 2’ wide, butterflies, average-moist soil, sun, zone 3.
hirta ‘Prairie Sun’ Peachy orange petals surround green cones, early summer to early fall. 2.5′ high x 1′ wide. Medium water, sun. Zone 3.
laciniata Native, yellow ray flowers with green centers, July – September, 2’-9’ high x 1.5’-3’ wide, butterflies, sun-part shade, zone 3.
laciniata ‘Autumn Sun’ (Herbstonne) Bright yellow ray flowers with green cones. Late summer. A smaller version of the straight species. 5’-6’ high x 4’ wide. Clay soil tolerant. Zone 3.
maxima Yellow rays of flowers around large dark cone, June – July, 6’ high x 3’ wide, dry, sun, zone 4.
triloba Native, yellow daisy like flowers, July – September, 3’ high x 1.5’ wide, drought tolerant, sun, zone 4.

RUELLIA (Wild Petunia) N, P

humilis Native, lilac blue flowers June to September. 2′ high x 2′ wide. Dry to medium, sun to part shade. Attracts butterflies. Tolerates dry soils. Good in rain gardens. Zone 4.

SALVIA (Sage) C, DR, F, P, RR

azurea Native, azure flowers, July – October, 4’ high x 3’ wide, butterflies, dry, sun, zone 5.
nemerosa ‘Caradonna’ Black stems with purple spike flowers, midsummer, 2’ high x 1.5’ wide, dry, sun, zone 4.
nemerosa ‘May Night’ Deep purplish blue flower spikes, May – June, 18” high x 18” wide, dry, sun, zone 3.
nemerosa ‘Snow Hill’ White spikes, May – June, 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, easy care, sun, zone 3.
nemerosa ‘Wesuwe’ Red-purple flowers, late spring-summer, 18” high x 24” wide, dry, sun, zone 3.

SANGUINARIA (Bloodroot) N, NE, P

canadensis White flowers, stemless, bloom in early spring before leaves emerge. Excellent source of early food for native pollinators. April to May. Flowers fade and give rise to foliage which grows to 8” high. The foliage will die back in early summer. Plant late blooming plants next to bloodroot to replace the foliage. Bloodroot is called that because when the root is cut, it oozes blood red sap. Over time it will form large colonies. Tolerates drought and black walnut trees. Zone 3.

SANGUISORBA (Burnet) C, N, P, DR, RR

‘Pink Tanna’ Pink bottle-brush flowers bloom July through September. 18″ high x 18″ wide. Low maintenance, average water. Sun to part shade. Zone 4.

SCABIOSA (Pincushion Flower) C, P, DR, RR

‘Butterfly Blue’ Lavender blue pincushion like flowers bloom June to frost. Utilized by butterflies. 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide. Average water and soil. No standing water. Remove spent flowers to encourage rebloom. Full sun. Zone 5.

SCUTELLARIA (Skullcap) GC, DR, RR

incana Native, blue flowers, July – September, 3’ high x 2’ wide, dry, clay tolerant, sun-part shade, zone 5.

SEDUM (Stonecrop) GC, DR, RR, P

‘Autumn Joy’ Rose pink flower clusters late summer – fall. Upright sedum grows to 24” high x 24” wide. Chopping back by half in early to mid June will lead to a more compact and floriferous plant at bloom time. Sun, low water. Zone 3.
kamtshaticum ‘Weihenstephaner Gold’ Yellow flowers, June – August, 6” high x 12” wide, rock garden, dry, sun, zone 3.
repestre ‘Angelina’ Golden foliage, yellow flowers in summer, 3” high x 24” wide, dry, sun, zone 3.
‘Superstar’ Pink flowers, late summer-early fall, 12” high x 16” wide, dry, sun, zone 3.
spurium ‘John Creech’ Pink flowers in August to September over tiny blue green foliage. Excellent for spilling over rocks. Dry well drained soil. Sun. 3” high x 12” wide. Low maintenance. Zone 3.
ternatum ‘Larinem Park’ Native, white flowers, late spring-early summer, 6” high x 12” wide, part sun-shade, zone 3.

SEMPERVIVUM (Hens and Chicks) RR, DR, P

‘Ruby Heart’ Purple pink flowers, mid-late summer, 4” high x 8” wide, dry, sun, zone 3.

SILENE (Wild Pinks, Catchfly) GC, N, P

regia Scarlet star shaped blooms July to August. Dry, rocky soils. Hummingbirds love this flower! 3’ high x 2’ wide. Zone 5.

SILPHIUM (Cup Plant) N, P

perfoliatum Native, yellow daisy like flowers, July – September, 4’-8’ high x 3’ wide, back of border. Butterflies, medium-wet soil, sun, zone 4.
laciniatum Yellow daisy like flowers bloom July – September. This native is a back border plant. Birds love it because the leaves are cupped around the stem. When it rains water is held in these leaves. After blooming, seeds are food source for birds. 5’-9’ high x 3’ wide. Sun, medium water, poor to average soils. Zone 3.

SISRYNCHIUM (Blue-eyed Grass) GC, N, P

angustifolium ‘Lucerne’ Native, blue-purple flowers, May – June, 12” high x 9” wide, sun-shade, zone 4.

SOLIDAGO (Goldenrod) C, N, P, DR, RR

caesia Bluestem. Native, yellow flowers, August – September, 2.5’ high x 2.5’ wide, butterflies, dry, sun-part shade, zone 4.
flexicaulis Native, yellow spike flowers, August – September, 3; high x 1’ wide, butterflies, dry, part shade-shade, zone 3.
odora Native, anise scented leaves with yellow flowers, August – September, 4’ high x 2’ wide, dry, sun-part shade, zone 4.
rugosa ‘Fireworks’ Native, tiny yellow flowers, September – October, 3’ high x 3’ wide, butterflies, rain gardens, average-moist soil, sun, zone 4.

STACHYS (Lamb’s Ear) GC, P, DR, RR

byzantina ‘Big Ears’ (also known as ‘Helene von Stein’) Very large 8”-10” long leaves, spreads, flowers rare, 12” high x 18” wide, dry average soil, sun, zone 4.
monieri ‘Hummelo’ Rose lavender flowers, July – September, 18” high x 18” wide, average water, sun, zone 4.

STYLOPHORUM (Celandine Poppy) N, NE, P

diphyllum Bright yellow flowers, April to June. Part shade to shade, medium to wet. Woodland. Great food source for early season pollinators. 1.5’ high x 1’ wide. Zone 4

TANACETUM (Pyrethrin Daisy) C, H, P, DR, RR

coccineum ‘Robinson’s Red’ Red shades of daisy like flowers, spring-early summer, 2’ high z 2’ wide, low water, sun, zone 3.

TEUCRIUM (Wall Germander) F, GC, H, P, DR, RR

chaemadrys Small rosy lavender flowers, July, 12” high x 12.5” wide, low hedge, drought tolerance, sun, zone 5.

THALICTRUM (Meadow Rue) DR, RR

dioicum Native, greenish white flowers, mid-late spring, 1.5’ high x 1.5’ wide, part shade-shade, zone 4.

pubescens Native, white flowers, June – August, 6’ high x 3’ wide, butterflies, wet-medium soil, part shade-shade, zone 3.

rochebrunianum ‘Lavender Mist’ C, N, P

THERMOPSIS (Carolina Lupine) C, N, P

villosum Native, yellow pea flowers, July, 4’ high x 3’ wide, dry, sun, zone 4.

THYMUS (Thymus) F, GC, P, DR, RR

minus Mat forming tiny leaved. ¼” high x 12” wide. Imagine a low carpet of fragrant leaves with tiny pink flowers June to July. Excellent for between stone pavers, though not good for a large area of frequent foot traffic like lawn grass. Sun, dry. Zone 4.
praecox ‘Albiflorus’
praecox ‘Coccineus’
praecox ‘Pseudolanuginosis’ (wolly thyme) Tiny hairy leaves with soft pink flowers, June – July, ¼” high x 12” wide, dry, sun, zone 4.

TIARELLA (Foamflower) N, P, DR

cordifolia Native, white flower spikes, late spring-early summer, 12” high x 15” wide, butterflies, part shade, zone 2.
‘Elizabeth Oliver’ Pale pink flower spikes late spring to early summer. Dissected green leaves with burgundy midribs make this an exceptional groundcover for shade. 15” high x 12” wide. Average moisture. Woodland, part shade to shade. Zone 4.
‘Running Tapestry’ Small white flowers on spikes, late spring-midsummer, 12” high x 20” wide, part shade-shade, zone 3.

TRADESCANTIA (Spiderwort)

ohiensis Native, deep blue flowers, May – July, 2.5’ high x 2’ wide, butterflies, dry, sun-part shade, zone 4.

TRICYRTUS (Toad Lily) C, DR

hirta ‘Mizaki Hybrids’ White flowers with purple spots, August – October, 2’ high x 2’ wide, medium-wet soil, part shade-shade, zone 4.

TROLLIUS (Globeflower) C, P, DR

x cultorum ‘Alabaster’ Bloom late spring to early summer. Part shade, can tolerate morning sun. Average to moist soils. 27” high x 18” wide. Most soil types. Zone 3.
chinensis ‘Golden Queen’ Light orange globe flowers, late spring-early summer, 30” high x 20” wide, sun-part shade, zone 2.
chinensis ‘Lemon Queen’ Bright yellow flowers, late spring-early summer, 23” high x 23” wide, sun-part shade, zone 2.

UVULARIA (Large flowered bellwort) C, N, NE, P

grandiflora Yellow bell shaped flowers, dangling down from stems, April to May. Excellent woodland pollinator plant. Part shade to full shade. Medium water, low maintenance. Zone 3.

VERBASCUM (Mullein) H, DR, P

phoenicum Deep purple flowers on a single stalk. Pollinated by butterflies and bees. Short lived perennial, but readily self seeds. 2.5’ high x 2.5’ wide. Dry, well drained soils. Sun, easy care, Zone 4.

VERNONIA (Ironweed) N, P, RR

fasciculata Native, purple flowers, July – September, 3-6’ high x 3’ wide, moist average soil, sun, zone 3.
lettermanii ‘Iron Butterfly’ Native, purple fall flowers, 36” high, tolerant of hot dry summers, sun, zone 4.
noveboracensis Native, purple flower heads, August – September, 4-6’ high x 3-4’ wide, average wet soil, sun, zone 5.

VERONICA (Speedwell) C, H, P, DR, RR

‘Ulster Dwarf Blue’ Bright blue spikes, summer. 12″ high x 12″ wide. Medium water. Sun to part shade. Pollinator plant. Zone 3.

VERONICASTRUM (Culver’s Root) C, N, P, DR

virginicum ‘Album’ Native, white flower spikes, June – August, 6’ high x 4’ wide, butterflies, medium wet soil, sun, zone 3.

VIOLA (Violet) DR, N, P

pedata (Bird’s Foot Violet) Native, pale purple flowers, March – May, 6” high x 6” wide, butterflies, dry, sun, zone 4.
sororia (Wood violet) Purple and purple speckled flowers April-May. Early pollinator food. Glossy green leaves make an excellent groundcover as a lawn replacement. Rich soil, moist. Sun to part shade. Zone 3.

ZIZIA C, N, DR, NE,

aptera Heart leaved Alexander. Small yellow flowers in umbels like Queen Anne’s Lace, May. Early season food for bees and beneficial insects. 3’ high x 1.5’ wide. Sun, medium water. Zone 3.
aurea Golden Alexander. Small yellow umbel flowers like Queen Anne’s Lace blooms early May. Colonies grow in moist woods, meadows and prairies. Food for beneficial insects, bees and host plant for larval Woodland Swallowtail Butterfly. 2’ high x 2’ wide. Sun, Zone 3.

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